Cryosphere and climate
This chapter will discuss two main issues related to the cryosphere and climate. One is the effect of sea ice and salinity gradients on ocean circulation, and in particular the possible role of sea ice transport on the ocean conveyer belt. The other is the effect of the cryosphere on climate, and in...
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ftnasantrs:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19940026127 2023-05-15T16:39:31+02:00 Cryosphere and climate Hibler, William D., III Thorndike, Alan S. Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available JAN 1, 1992 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940026127 unknown Document ID: 19940026127 Accession ID: 94N30632 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940026127 No Copyright CASI ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION University Corp. for Atmospheric Research, Modeling the Earth System, Volume 3; p 327-333 1992 ftnasantrs 2015-03-15T03:45:05Z This chapter will discuss two main issues related to the cryosphere and climate. One is the effect of sea ice and salinity gradients on ocean circulation, and in particular the possible role of sea ice transport on the ocean conveyer belt. The other is the effect of the cryosphere on climate, and in particular in high-latitude warming under increased CO2. In understanding the role of the cryosphere in both cases, it is useful to elucidate two types of toy sea ice models. Neither of these represents reality, but both are useful for illustrating the archetypal features of sea ice that control much of its large-scale behavior. The first model is a simple slab thermodynamic sea ice model as presented by Thorndike. In this model there are no dynamical effects and the thickness of ice is determined by surface heat budget and oceanic heat flux considerations, with the thickness of the ice critically affecting the effective conductivity whereby heat is transferred from the bottom ice boundary to the upper ice boundary. In this model all of the sea ice characteristics are controlled by the vertical heat fluxes from the atmosphere and ocean into the ice. The thickness is controlled by the ice's becoming an effective insulator as it thickens, thus reducing conductive heat loss to the atmosphere. A second model emphasizes the effects of dynamics. It considers the ice pack to be a collection of floes moving in response to synoptic wind fields and ocean currents. These motions create semipermanent leads (open areas) over which ice can grow rapidly. Other/Unknown Material ice pack Sea ice NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
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ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION |
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ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Hibler, William D., III Thorndike, Alan S. Cryosphere and climate |
topic_facet |
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION |
description |
This chapter will discuss two main issues related to the cryosphere and climate. One is the effect of sea ice and salinity gradients on ocean circulation, and in particular the possible role of sea ice transport on the ocean conveyer belt. The other is the effect of the cryosphere on climate, and in particular in high-latitude warming under increased CO2. In understanding the role of the cryosphere in both cases, it is useful to elucidate two types of toy sea ice models. Neither of these represents reality, but both are useful for illustrating the archetypal features of sea ice that control much of its large-scale behavior. The first model is a simple slab thermodynamic sea ice model as presented by Thorndike. In this model there are no dynamical effects and the thickness of ice is determined by surface heat budget and oceanic heat flux considerations, with the thickness of the ice critically affecting the effective conductivity whereby heat is transferred from the bottom ice boundary to the upper ice boundary. In this model all of the sea ice characteristics are controlled by the vertical heat fluxes from the atmosphere and ocean into the ice. The thickness is controlled by the ice's becoming an effective insulator as it thickens, thus reducing conductive heat loss to the atmosphere. A second model emphasizes the effects of dynamics. It considers the ice pack to be a collection of floes moving in response to synoptic wind fields and ocean currents. These motions create semipermanent leads (open areas) over which ice can grow rapidly. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Hibler, William D., III Thorndike, Alan S. |
author_facet |
Hibler, William D., III Thorndike, Alan S. |
author_sort |
Hibler, William D., III |
title |
Cryosphere and climate |
title_short |
Cryosphere and climate |
title_full |
Cryosphere and climate |
title_fullStr |
Cryosphere and climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cryosphere and climate |
title_sort |
cryosphere and climate |
publishDate |
1992 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940026127 |
op_coverage |
Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available |
genre |
ice pack Sea ice |
genre_facet |
ice pack Sea ice |
op_source |
CASI |
op_relation |
Document ID: 19940026127 Accession ID: 94N30632 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940026127 |
op_rights |
No Copyright |
_version_ |
1766029863807877120 |