Toxicity to Bivalve Hemocytes of Pathogenic Vibrio Cytoplasmic Extract

• Main Authors: Lambert, Christophe, Nicolas, Jean-Louis, Bultel, Valérie
• Other Authors: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins (PE2M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie des substances naturelles : structure, synthèse et bio-activités des substances naturelles, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2003
• Subjects: Vibrio pectenicida; Pecten maximus; Crassostrea gigas; chemiluminescence; toxin; hemocyte; bivalves; [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-00617005; https://hal.science/hal-00617005/document; https://hal.science/hal-00617005/file/Lambert_et_al_2003_Journal_of_Invertebrate_Pathology_77_165-172_-auteurs.pdf

International audience Using a chemiluminescence (CL) test, it had been previously demonstrated that Vibrio pectenicida, which is pathogenic to Pecten maximus larvae, was able to inhibit completely the CL activity of P. maximus hemocytes and partially inhibit those of Crassostrea gigas. Conversely, a Vibrio sp. strain, S322, pathogenic to C. gigas larvae was more active in reducing the CL activity of oyster hemocytes than of scallop hemocytes. Using this same CL biotest, V. pectenicida and S322 cytoplasmic extracts were shown to reproduce CL inhibition while the cytoplasmic extract of a nonpathogenic strain (U1, Pseudoalteromonas) was without effect. Moreover, cytoplasmic extract as well as live V. pectenicida cells provoked, within a few hours, death of P. maximus hemocytes adhering to a glass slide. After partial purification, it was shown that toxic activities of V. pectenicida cytoplasmic extract was due to a toxin, named VHKT (for vibrio hemocyte- killer toxin), which is heat stable, acid and protease resistant, and less than 3 kDa in molecular weight. Attempts to purify VHKT by reverse-phase (C18) HPLC separated activity into the fraction eluted by water at a retention time of 4.02 min.