Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production
Five deer species occupy North America: caribou (3.6 × 106individuals), moose (1.1 × 106), white-tailed deer (28.5 × 106), mule deer (5.0 × 106) and wapiti (1.1 × 106). Caribou characterise the north of the boreal forest and the tundra, whereas moose dominate in coniferous and mixed forests growing...
Published in: | Acta Veterinaria Hungarica |
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Akadémiai Kiadó
1999
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Online Access: | http://real.mtak.hu/49495/ http://real.mtak.hu/49495/1/avet.47.1999.1.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1556/AVet.47.1999.1.1 |
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ftmtak:oai:real.mtak.hu:49495 2023-05-15T18:40:41+02:00 Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production Daigle, C. Crête, M. 1999 text http://real.mtak.hu/49495/ http://real.mtak.hu/49495/1/avet.47.1999.1.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1556/AVet.47.1999.1.1 hu hun Akadémiai Kiadó http://real.mtak.hu/49495/1/avet.47.1999.1.1.pdf Daigle, C. and Crête, M. (1999) Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 47 (1). pp. 1-16. ISSN 0236-6290 SV Veterinary science / állatorvostudomány Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article 1999 ftmtak https://doi.org/10.1556/AVet.47.1999.1.1 2019-02-07T00:06:41Z Five deer species occupy North America: caribou (3.6 × 106individuals), moose (1.1 × 106), white-tailed deer (28.5 × 106), mule deer (5.0 × 106) and wapiti (1.1 × 106). Caribou characterise the north of the boreal forest and the tundra, whereas moose dominate in coniferous and mixed forests growing further south. White-tailed deer are typical of the deciduous forests of the east while mule deer replace them in the mountainous terrain of the west. Wapiti possess the smallest range, mostly adjacent to the prairies to the west. The two large obligate carnivores preying on deer show a reduced distribution: wolves are almost restricted to Canada, and cougar to the mule deer range. We determined the current status of each species with the help of a questionnaire mailed to all jurisdictions harbouring deer. Most reports of threatened populations concerned caribou whereas many jurisdictions declared overabundance of white-tailed deer and wapiti. Hunting was allowed for all species when they abounded in a jurisdiction. Hunters harvested annually 7.0 × 106deer on the continent, 87% being white-tailed deer. The two species that caused most conflicts with humans had the highest harvest rate: 16-17%. In terms of biomass, white-tailed deer and wapiti yielded the highest harvests, with 55 and 39 kg × km-2of range, respectively. The average standing biomass of deer in winter ranged between 28 kg × km-2in Nevada to 901 kg × km-2in Indiana. The lowest standing biomasses occurred in the boreal forest (predators), in the prairies (agriculture) and in the south-west (aridity), and the highest ones in the south-east, where only white-tailed deer is present. The current abundance of deer in North America parallels, in general, the primary production of the landscape (r2= 0.38; P < 0.0001), but predators and human activity modify this pattern. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra MTAK: REAL (Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Canada Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 47 1 1 16 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
MTAK: REAL (Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences |
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ftmtak |
language |
Hungarian |
topic |
SV Veterinary science / állatorvostudomány |
spellingShingle |
SV Veterinary science / állatorvostudomány Daigle, C. Crête, M. Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
topic_facet |
SV Veterinary science / állatorvostudomány |
description |
Five deer species occupy North America: caribou (3.6 × 106individuals), moose (1.1 × 106), white-tailed deer (28.5 × 106), mule deer (5.0 × 106) and wapiti (1.1 × 106). Caribou characterise the north of the boreal forest and the tundra, whereas moose dominate in coniferous and mixed forests growing further south. White-tailed deer are typical of the deciduous forests of the east while mule deer replace them in the mountainous terrain of the west. Wapiti possess the smallest range, mostly adjacent to the prairies to the west. The two large obligate carnivores preying on deer show a reduced distribution: wolves are almost restricted to Canada, and cougar to the mule deer range. We determined the current status of each species with the help of a questionnaire mailed to all jurisdictions harbouring deer. Most reports of threatened populations concerned caribou whereas many jurisdictions declared overabundance of white-tailed deer and wapiti. Hunting was allowed for all species when they abounded in a jurisdiction. Hunters harvested annually 7.0 × 106deer on the continent, 87% being white-tailed deer. The two species that caused most conflicts with humans had the highest harvest rate: 16-17%. In terms of biomass, white-tailed deer and wapiti yielded the highest harvests, with 55 and 39 kg × km-2of range, respectively. The average standing biomass of deer in winter ranged between 28 kg × km-2in Nevada to 901 kg × km-2in Indiana. The lowest standing biomasses occurred in the boreal forest (predators), in the prairies (agriculture) and in the south-west (aridity), and the highest ones in the south-east, where only white-tailed deer is present. The current abundance of deer in North America parallels, in general, the primary production of the landscape (r2= 0.38; P < 0.0001), but predators and human activity modify this pattern. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Daigle, C. Crête, M. |
author_facet |
Daigle, C. Crête, M. |
author_sort |
Daigle, C. |
title |
Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
title_short |
Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
title_full |
Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
title_fullStr |
Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
title_sort |
management of indigenous north american deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production |
publisher |
Akadémiai Kiadó |
publishDate |
1999 |
url |
http://real.mtak.hu/49495/ http://real.mtak.hu/49495/1/avet.47.1999.1.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1556/AVet.47.1999.1.1 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_relation |
http://real.mtak.hu/49495/1/avet.47.1999.1.1.pdf Daigle, C. and Crête, M. (1999) Management of indigenous North American deer at the end of the 20th century in relation to large predators and primary production. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 47 (1). pp. 1-16. ISSN 0236-6290 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1556/AVet.47.1999.1.1 |
container_title |
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica |
container_volume |
47 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
16 |
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1766230095213625344 |