An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years
Sea-level history reflects the thermal and cryospheric evolution of the Earth, providing a history of ice- sheet behavior and operation of the climate systems under ice-free and glaciated conditions. I compare ice-volume and sea-level estimates obtained from deep Pacific δ18O and Mg/Ca records with...
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ftmontclairstuni:oai:digitalcommons.montclair.edu:sustainability-seminar-1070 2023-07-23T04:14:38+02:00 An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years Miller, Kenneth 2020-02-26T00:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/sustainability-seminar/2020/spring2020/3 https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/context/sustainability-seminar/article/1070/viewcontent/Miller_Seminar_flier.pdf unknown Montclair State University Digital Commons https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/sustainability-seminar/2020/spring2020/3 https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/context/sustainability-seminar/article/1070/viewcontent/Miller_Seminar_flier.pdf Sustainability Seminar Series Environmental Sciences Sustainability text 2020 ftmontclairstuni 2023-07-03T21:44:15Z Sea-level history reflects the thermal and cryospheric evolution of the Earth, providing a history of ice- sheet behavior and operation of the climate systems under ice-free and glaciated conditions. I compare ice-volume and sea-level estimates obtained from deep Pacific δ18O and Mg/Ca records with those from the mid-Atlantic U.S. obtained by “backstripping”, progressively accounting for the effects of compaction, loading, and thermal subsidence. Peak warmth, sea levels, high CO2 (>1000 ppm), and mostly ice-free condition occurred in the Hothouse Late Cretaceous (ca. 100-66 Ma) and Early Eocene (55-47.9 Ma). During the cool greenhouse (Paleocene, Middle-Late Eocene) sea level was driven by ice growth and decay of small ice sheets. The Earth became a unipolar Icehouse world in the Oligocene-Pliocene (35-2.55 Ma) punctuated by the ice-free Miocene Climate Optimum (~17-15 Ma) and warmth of the Pliocene Climate Optimum, with partial loss of the East Antarctic ice sheet. Very large sea-level changes (60-130 m) were restricted to the past 2.7 Myr northern hemisphere “ice ages”. Following the last glacial sea-level lowering (~130 m), rates of sea-level exceeded 50 mm/yr, slowing to a Common Era “stillstand”, 20th century rise of 1-2 mm/yr, and a modern rise of 3 mm/yr. Projected sea-level rise in the 21st century is ~1 m under high emissions scenarios, with possible upper limit of over 2 m and rates exceeding 10 mm/yr. Text Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Montclair State University Digital Commons Antarctic East Antarctic Ice Sheet Pacific |
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Environmental Sciences Sustainability |
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Environmental Sciences Sustainability Miller, Kenneth An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
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Environmental Sciences Sustainability |
description |
Sea-level history reflects the thermal and cryospheric evolution of the Earth, providing a history of ice- sheet behavior and operation of the climate systems under ice-free and glaciated conditions. I compare ice-volume and sea-level estimates obtained from deep Pacific δ18O and Mg/Ca records with those from the mid-Atlantic U.S. obtained by “backstripping”, progressively accounting for the effects of compaction, loading, and thermal subsidence. Peak warmth, sea levels, high CO2 (>1000 ppm), and mostly ice-free condition occurred in the Hothouse Late Cretaceous (ca. 100-66 Ma) and Early Eocene (55-47.9 Ma). During the cool greenhouse (Paleocene, Middle-Late Eocene) sea level was driven by ice growth and decay of small ice sheets. The Earth became a unipolar Icehouse world in the Oligocene-Pliocene (35-2.55 Ma) punctuated by the ice-free Miocene Climate Optimum (~17-15 Ma) and warmth of the Pliocene Climate Optimum, with partial loss of the East Antarctic ice sheet. Very large sea-level changes (60-130 m) were restricted to the past 2.7 Myr northern hemisphere “ice ages”. Following the last glacial sea-level lowering (~130 m), rates of sea-level exceeded 50 mm/yr, slowing to a Common Era “stillstand”, 20th century rise of 1-2 mm/yr, and a modern rise of 3 mm/yr. Projected sea-level rise in the 21st century is ~1 m under high emissions scenarios, with possible upper limit of over 2 m and rates exceeding 10 mm/yr. |
format |
Text |
author |
Miller, Kenneth |
author_facet |
Miller, Kenneth |
author_sort |
Miller, Kenneth |
title |
An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
title_short |
An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
title_full |
An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
title_fullStr |
An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Overview of Climate & Sea-level Changes Over the Past 100 Million Years |
title_sort |
overview of climate & sea-level changes over the past 100 million years |
publisher |
Montclair State University Digital Commons |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/sustainability-seminar/2020/spring2020/3 https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/context/sustainability-seminar/article/1070/viewcontent/Miller_Seminar_flier.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic East Antarctic Ice Sheet Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic East Antarctic Ice Sheet Pacific |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Sustainability Seminar Series |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/sustainability-seminar/2020/spring2020/3 https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/context/sustainability-seminar/article/1070/viewcontent/Miller_Seminar_flier.pdf |
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