Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Ice shelves surround ∼ 75% of Antarctica's coastline and are highly sensitive to climate change; several have recently collapsed and others are predicted to in the near future. Marine waters beneath ice shelves harbor active ecosystems, while adjacent seas can be important areas of bottom water...
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ftmontanastateu:oai:scholarworks.montana.edu:1/9991 2023-05-15T13:54:59+02:00 Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica Vick-Majors, Trista J. Achberger, Amanda M. Santibanez, Pamela A. Dore, John E. Hodson, Timothy Michaud, Alexander B. Christner, Brent C. Mikucki, Jill A. Skidmore, Mark L. Powell, Ross Adkins, W. Peyton Barbante, Carlo Mitchell, Andrew C. Scherer, Reed Priscu, John C. 2016-03 application/pdf https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/9991 unknown Vick-Majors, Trista J., Amanda Achberger, Pamela Santibanez, John E. Dore, Timothy Hodson, Alexander B. Michaud, Brent C. Christner, Jill Mikucki, Mark L. Skidmore, Ross Powell, W. Peyton Adkins, Carlo Barbante, Andrew Mitchell, Reed Scherer, and John C. Priscu. "Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Limnology and Oceanography 61, no. 2 (March 2016): 572-586. DOI:10.1002/lno.10234 . 1939-5590 https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/9991 Article 2016 ftmontanastateu https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10234 2022-06-06T07:27:15Z Ice shelves surround ∼ 75% of Antarctica's coastline and are highly sensitive to climate change; several have recently collapsed and others are predicted to in the near future. Marine waters beneath ice shelves harbor active ecosystems, while adjacent seas can be important areas of bottom water formation. Despite their oceanographic significance, logistical constraints have resulted in few opportunities to directly sample sub-ice shelf cavities. Here, we present the first data on microbial diversity and biogeochemistry beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) near Ross Island, Antarctica. Physicochemical profiles obtained via a 56 m deep borehole through the MIS revealed three vertically layered water masses (Antarctic Surface Water [AASW], Ice Shelf Water [ISW], and modified High Salinity Shelf Water [mHSSW]). Metabolically active, moderately diverse (Shannon diversity from 2.06 to 5.74) microbial communities were detected in the AASW and mHSSW. Heterotrophic bacterial production and dissolved organic matter concentrations were higher (12–37% and 24%, respectively) in mHSSW relative to AASW. Chemoautotrophic production was 5.3 nmol C L−1 d−1 and 6.0 nmol C L−1 d−1 in the AASW and mHSSW, respectively. Phytoplankton cells were more abundant and larger in the mHSSW sample relative to the AASW, which indicates sinking of phytoplankton produced in surface waters and, together with southerly flowing currents (0.09–0.16 m s−1), horizontal advection of phytoplankton from McMurdo Sound. Advected phytoplankton carbon together with in situ chemoautotrophic production provide important sources of organic matter and other reduced compounds to support ecosystem processes in the dark waters in the ice shelf cavity. Whillans Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling (WISSARD) project was funded by National Science Foundation grants (0838933, 0838896, 0838941, 0839142, 0839059, 0838885, 0838855, 0838763, 0839107, 0838947, 0838854, 0838764 and 1142123) from the Office of Polar Programs. Partial support was also provided by ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves McMurdo Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans Ice Stream Montana State University (MSU): ScholarWorks Antarctic McMurdo Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans ENVELOPE(-64.250,-64.250,-84.450,-84.450) Whillans Ice Stream ENVELOPE(-145.000,-145.000,-83.667,-83.667) Limnology and Oceanography 61 2 572 586 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Montana State University (MSU): ScholarWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftmontanastateu |
language |
unknown |
description |
Ice shelves surround ∼ 75% of Antarctica's coastline and are highly sensitive to climate change; several have recently collapsed and others are predicted to in the near future. Marine waters beneath ice shelves harbor active ecosystems, while adjacent seas can be important areas of bottom water formation. Despite their oceanographic significance, logistical constraints have resulted in few opportunities to directly sample sub-ice shelf cavities. Here, we present the first data on microbial diversity and biogeochemistry beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) near Ross Island, Antarctica. Physicochemical profiles obtained via a 56 m deep borehole through the MIS revealed three vertically layered water masses (Antarctic Surface Water [AASW], Ice Shelf Water [ISW], and modified High Salinity Shelf Water [mHSSW]). Metabolically active, moderately diverse (Shannon diversity from 2.06 to 5.74) microbial communities were detected in the AASW and mHSSW. Heterotrophic bacterial production and dissolved organic matter concentrations were higher (12–37% and 24%, respectively) in mHSSW relative to AASW. Chemoautotrophic production was 5.3 nmol C L−1 d−1 and 6.0 nmol C L−1 d−1 in the AASW and mHSSW, respectively. Phytoplankton cells were more abundant and larger in the mHSSW sample relative to the AASW, which indicates sinking of phytoplankton produced in surface waters and, together with southerly flowing currents (0.09–0.16 m s−1), horizontal advection of phytoplankton from McMurdo Sound. Advected phytoplankton carbon together with in situ chemoautotrophic production provide important sources of organic matter and other reduced compounds to support ecosystem processes in the dark waters in the ice shelf cavity. Whillans Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling (WISSARD) project was funded by National Science Foundation grants (0838933, 0838896, 0838941, 0839142, 0839059, 0838885, 0838855, 0838763, 0839107, 0838947, 0838854, 0838764 and 1142123) from the Office of Polar Programs. Partial support was also provided by ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vick-Majors, Trista J. Achberger, Amanda M. Santibanez, Pamela A. Dore, John E. Hodson, Timothy Michaud, Alexander B. Christner, Brent C. Mikucki, Jill A. Skidmore, Mark L. Powell, Ross Adkins, W. Peyton Barbante, Carlo Mitchell, Andrew C. Scherer, Reed Priscu, John C. |
spellingShingle |
Vick-Majors, Trista J. Achberger, Amanda M. Santibanez, Pamela A. Dore, John E. Hodson, Timothy Michaud, Alexander B. Christner, Brent C. Mikucki, Jill A. Skidmore, Mark L. Powell, Ross Adkins, W. Peyton Barbante, Carlo Mitchell, Andrew C. Scherer, Reed Priscu, John C. Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
author_facet |
Vick-Majors, Trista J. Achberger, Amanda M. Santibanez, Pamela A. Dore, John E. Hodson, Timothy Michaud, Alexander B. Christner, Brent C. Mikucki, Jill A. Skidmore, Mark L. Powell, Ross Adkins, W. Peyton Barbante, Carlo Mitchell, Andrew C. Scherer, Reed Priscu, John C. |
author_sort |
Vick-Majors, Trista J. |
title |
Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
title_short |
Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
title_full |
Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica |
title_sort |
biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the mcmurdo ice shelf, antarctica |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/9991 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) ENVELOPE(-64.250,-64.250,-84.450,-84.450) ENVELOPE(-145.000,-145.000,-83.667,-83.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic McMurdo Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans Whillans Ice Stream |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic McMurdo Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans Whillans Ice Stream |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves McMurdo Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans Ice Stream |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves McMurdo Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Ross Island Whillans Ice Stream |
op_relation |
Vick-Majors, Trista J., Amanda Achberger, Pamela Santibanez, John E. Dore, Timothy Hodson, Alexander B. Michaud, Brent C. Christner, Jill Mikucki, Mark L. Skidmore, Ross Powell, W. Peyton Adkins, Carlo Barbante, Andrew Mitchell, Reed Scherer, and John C. Priscu. "Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Limnology and Oceanography 61, no. 2 (March 2016): 572-586. DOI:10.1002/lno.10234 . 1939-5590 https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/9991 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10234 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
61 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
572 |
op_container_end_page |
586 |
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1766261200628219904 |