Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling
Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low grad...
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ftmontanastateu:oai:scholarworks.montana.edu:1/15322 2023-05-15T14:25:46+02:00 Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah 2018-12 application/pdf https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/15322 en eng Cutting, Kyle A., Jake M. Ferguson, Michelle L. Anderson, Kristen Cook, Stacy C. Davis, and Rebekah Levine. "Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling." Ecology and Evolution 8, no. 24 (December 2018): 12905-12917. DOI:10.1002/ece3.4728. 2045-7758 https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/15322 CC BY: This license lets you distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this work, even commercially, as long as you credit the original creator for this work. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode CC-BY Article 2018 ftmontanastateu https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 2022-06-06T07:25:58Z Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low gradient mountain stream, utilizing radio‐telemetry techniques, to determine how hydrology, dam characteristics, and fish attributes impeded passage and movement rates of spawning grayling. We compared fish movement between a “normal” flow year and a “low” flow year, determined grayling passage probabilities over dams in relation to a suite of factors, and predicted daily movement rates in relation to the number of dams each fish passed and distance between dams during upstream migration to spawning areas. We found that the average passage probability over unbreached beaver dams was 88%, though we found that it fell below 50% at specific dams. Upstream passage of grayling was affected by three main characteristics: (a) temperature, (b) breach status, and (c) hydrologic linkages that connect sections of stream above and below the dam. Other variables influence passage, but to a lesser degree. Cumulative passage varied with distance upstream and total number of dams passed in low versus normal flow years, while movement rates upstream slowed as fish swam closer to dams. Our findings demonstrate that upstream passage of fish over beaver dams is strongly correlated with hydrologic conditions with moderate controls by dam‐ and fish‐level characteristics. Our results provide a framework that can be applied to reduce barrier effects when and where beaver dams pose a significant threat to the upstream migration of fish populations while maintaining the diverse ecological benefits of beaver activity when dams are not a threat to fish passage. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic grayling Arctic Montana State University (MSU): ScholarWorks Arctic Ecology and Evolution 8 24 12905 12917 |
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Open Polar |
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Montana State University (MSU): ScholarWorks |
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ftmontanastateu |
language |
English |
description |
Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low gradient mountain stream, utilizing radio‐telemetry techniques, to determine how hydrology, dam characteristics, and fish attributes impeded passage and movement rates of spawning grayling. We compared fish movement between a “normal” flow year and a “low” flow year, determined grayling passage probabilities over dams in relation to a suite of factors, and predicted daily movement rates in relation to the number of dams each fish passed and distance between dams during upstream migration to spawning areas. We found that the average passage probability over unbreached beaver dams was 88%, though we found that it fell below 50% at specific dams. Upstream passage of grayling was affected by three main characteristics: (a) temperature, (b) breach status, and (c) hydrologic linkages that connect sections of stream above and below the dam. Other variables influence passage, but to a lesser degree. Cumulative passage varied with distance upstream and total number of dams passed in low versus normal flow years, while movement rates upstream slowed as fish swam closer to dams. Our findings demonstrate that upstream passage of fish over beaver dams is strongly correlated with hydrologic conditions with moderate controls by dam‐ and fish‐level characteristics. Our results provide a framework that can be applied to reduce barrier effects when and where beaver dams pose a significant threat to the upstream migration of fish populations while maintaining the diverse ecological benefits of beaver activity when dams are not a threat to fish passage. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah |
spellingShingle |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
author_facet |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah |
author_sort |
Cutting, Kyle A. |
title |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_short |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_full |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_fullStr |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_sort |
linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of arctic grayling |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/15322 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctic grayling Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic grayling Arctic |
op_relation |
Cutting, Kyle A., Jake M. Ferguson, Michelle L. Anderson, Kristen Cook, Stacy C. Davis, and Rebekah Levine. "Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling." Ecology and Evolution 8, no. 24 (December 2018): 12905-12917. DOI:10.1002/ece3.4728. 2045-7758 https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/15322 |
op_rights |
CC BY: This license lets you distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this work, even commercially, as long as you credit the original creator for this work. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
12905 |
op_container_end_page |
12917 |
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1766298225691590656 |