Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2]
The effect of idealized wind-driven circulation changes in the Southern Ocean on atmospheric CO[subscript 2] and the ocean carbon inventory is investigated using a suite of coarse-resolution, global coupled ocean circulation and biogeochemistry experiments with parameterized eddy activity and only m...
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ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/97886 2024-06-23T07:52:24+00:00 Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] Lauderdale, Jonathan Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira Oliver, Kevin I. C. Williams, Richard G. Follows, Michael J Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Follows, Michael J. 2012-07 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97886 en_US eng Springer-Verlag http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1650-3 Climate Dynamics 0930-7575 1432-0894 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97886 Lauderdale, Jonathan M., Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Kevin I. C. Oliver, Michael J. Follows, and Richard G. Williams. “Wind-Driven Changes in Southern Ocean Residual Circulation, Ocean Carbon Reservoirs and Atmospheric CO[subscript 2].” Climate Dynamics 41, no. 7–8 (January 12, 2013): 2145–2164. orcid:0000-0002-3102-0341 Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/ Springer Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2012 ftmit https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1650-3 2024-05-29T01:02:38Z The effect of idealized wind-driven circulation changes in the Southern Ocean on atmospheric CO[subscript 2] and the ocean carbon inventory is investigated using a suite of coarse-resolution, global coupled ocean circulation and biogeochemistry experiments with parameterized eddy activity and only modest changes in surface buoyancy forcing, each experiment integrated for 5,000 years. A positive correlation is obtained between the meridional overturning or residual circulation in the Southern Ocean and atmospheric CO[subscript 2]: stronger or northward-shifted westerly winds in the Southern Hemisphere result in increased residual circulation, greater upwelling of carbon-rich deep waters and oceanic outgassing, which increases atmospheric pCO[subscript 2] by ~20 μatm; weaker or southward-shifted winds lead to the opposing result. The ocean carbon inventory in our model varies through contrasting changes in the saturated, disequilibrium and biogenic (soft-tissue and carbonate) reservoirs, each varying by O(10–100) PgC, all of which contribute to the net anomaly in atmospheric CO[subscript 2]. Increased residual overturning deepens the global pycnocline, warming the upper ocean and decreasing the saturated carbon reservoir. Increased upwelling of carbon- and nutrient-rich deep waters and inefficient biological activity results in subduction of unutilized nutrients into the ocean interior, decreasing the biogenic carbon reservoir of intermediate and mode waters ventilating the Northern Hemisphere, and making the disequilibrium carbon reservoir more positive in the mode waters due to the reduced residence time at the surface. Wind-induced changes in the model carbon inventory are dominated by the response of the global pycnocline, although there is an additional abyssal response when the peak westerly winds change their latitude, altering their proximity to Drake Passage and changing the depth extent of the southward return flow of the overturning: a northward shift of the westerly winds isolates dense isopycnals, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Drake Passage Southern Ocean DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Southern Ocean Drake Passage Climate Dynamics 41 7-8 2145 2164 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftmit |
language |
English |
description |
The effect of idealized wind-driven circulation changes in the Southern Ocean on atmospheric CO[subscript 2] and the ocean carbon inventory is investigated using a suite of coarse-resolution, global coupled ocean circulation and biogeochemistry experiments with parameterized eddy activity and only modest changes in surface buoyancy forcing, each experiment integrated for 5,000 years. A positive correlation is obtained between the meridional overturning or residual circulation in the Southern Ocean and atmospheric CO[subscript 2]: stronger or northward-shifted westerly winds in the Southern Hemisphere result in increased residual circulation, greater upwelling of carbon-rich deep waters and oceanic outgassing, which increases atmospheric pCO[subscript 2] by ~20 μatm; weaker or southward-shifted winds lead to the opposing result. The ocean carbon inventory in our model varies through contrasting changes in the saturated, disequilibrium and biogenic (soft-tissue and carbonate) reservoirs, each varying by O(10–100) PgC, all of which contribute to the net anomaly in atmospheric CO[subscript 2]. Increased residual overturning deepens the global pycnocline, warming the upper ocean and decreasing the saturated carbon reservoir. Increased upwelling of carbon- and nutrient-rich deep waters and inefficient biological activity results in subduction of unutilized nutrients into the ocean interior, decreasing the biogenic carbon reservoir of intermediate and mode waters ventilating the Northern Hemisphere, and making the disequilibrium carbon reservoir more positive in the mode waters due to the reduced residence time at the surface. Wind-induced changes in the model carbon inventory are dominated by the response of the global pycnocline, although there is an additional abyssal response when the peak westerly winds change their latitude, altering their proximity to Drake Passage and changing the depth extent of the southward return flow of the overturning: a northward shift of the westerly winds isolates dense isopycnals, ... |
author2 |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Follows, Michael J. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lauderdale, Jonathan Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira Oliver, Kevin I. C. Williams, Richard G. Follows, Michael J |
spellingShingle |
Lauderdale, Jonathan Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira Oliver, Kevin I. C. Williams, Richard G. Follows, Michael J Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
author_facet |
Lauderdale, Jonathan Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira Oliver, Kevin I. C. Williams, Richard G. Follows, Michael J |
author_sort |
Lauderdale, Jonathan |
title |
Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
title_short |
Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
title_full |
Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
title_fullStr |
Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wind-driven changes in Southern Ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric CO[subscript 2] |
title_sort |
wind-driven changes in southern ocean residual circulation, ocean carbon reservoirs and atmospheric co[subscript 2] |
publisher |
Springer-Verlag |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97886 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Drake Passage |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Drake Passage |
genre |
Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Springer |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1650-3 Climate Dynamics 0930-7575 1432-0894 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97886 Lauderdale, Jonathan M., Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Kevin I. C. Oliver, Michael J. Follows, and Richard G. Williams. “Wind-Driven Changes in Southern Ocean Residual Circulation, Ocean Carbon Reservoirs and Atmospheric CO[subscript 2].” Climate Dynamics 41, no. 7–8 (January 12, 2013): 2145–2164. orcid:0000-0002-3102-0341 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1650-3 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
41 |
container_issue |
7-8 |
container_start_page |
2145 |
op_container_end_page |
2164 |
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1802643692882755584 |