A modified viscous flow law for natural glacier ice: Scaling from laboratories to ice sheets

• Main Authors: Ranganathan, Meghana, Minchew, Brent
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024
• Subjects: Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Ice Sheet
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/155148

Glacier flow modulates sea level and is governed largely by the viscous deformation of ice. Multiple molecular-scale mechanisms facilitate viscous deformation, but it remains unclear how each contributes to glacier-scale deformation. Here, we present a model of ice deformation that bridges laboratory and glacier scales, unifies existing estimates of the viscous parameters, and provides a framework for estimating the parameters from observations and incorporating flow laws derived from laboratory observations into glacier-flow models. Our results yield a map of the dominant deformation mechanisms in the Antarctic Ice Sheet, showing that, contrary to long-standing assumptions, dislocation creep, characterized by a value of the stress exponent, likely dominates in all fast-flowing areas. This increase from the canonical value of dramatically alters the climate conditions under which marine ice sheets may become unstable and drive rapid rates of sea-level rise.