Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE
The flood hazard in New York City depends on both storm surges and rising sea levels. We combine modeled storm surges with probabilistic sea-level rise projections to assess future coastal inundation in New York City from the preindustrial era through 2300 CE. The storm surges are derived from large...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115204 |
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ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/115204 2023-06-11T04:06:11+02:00 Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE Garner, Andra J. Mann, Michael E. Kopp, Robert E. Lin, Ning Alley, Richard B. Horton, Benjamin P. DeConto, Robert M. Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Pollard, David Emanuel, Kerry Andrew Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Emanuel, Kerry Andrew 2018-04-26T16:08:39Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115204 unknown National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1703568114 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 0027-8424 1091-6490 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115204 Garner, Andra J. et al. “Impact of Climate Change on New York City’s Coastal Flood Hazard: Increasing Flood Heights from the Preindustrial to 2300 CE.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, 45 (October 2017): 11861–11866 © 2017 National Academy of Sciences orcid:0000-0002-2066-2082 Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. PNAS Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2018 ftmit https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1703568114 2023-05-29T08:30:22Z The flood hazard in New York City depends on both storm surges and rising sea levels. We combine modeled storm surges with probabilistic sea-level rise projections to assess future coastal inundation in New York City from the preindustrial era through 2300 CE. The storm surges are derived from large sets of synthetic tropical cyclones, downscaled from RCP8.5 simulations from three CMIP5 models. The sea-level rise projections account for potential partial collapse of the Antarctic ice sheet in assessing future coastal inundation. CMIP5 models indicate that there will be minimal change in storm-surge heights from 2010 to 2100 or 2300, because the predicted strengthening of the strongest storms will be compensated by storm tracks moving offshore at the latitude of New York City. However, projected sea-level rise causes overall flood heights associated with tropical cyclones in New York City in coming centuries to increase greatly compared with preindustrial or modern flood heights. For the various sea-level rise scenarios we consider, the 1-in-500-y flood event increases from 3.4 m above mean tidal level during 1970–2005 to 4.0–5.1 m above mean tidal level by 2080–2100 and ranges from 5.0–15.4 m above mean tidal level by 2280–2300. Further, we find that the return period of a 2.25-m flood has decreased from ~500 y before 1800 to ~25 y during 1970–2005 and further decreases to ~5 y by 2030–2045 in 95% of our simulations. The 2.25-m flood height is permanently exceeded by 2280–2300 for scenarios that include Antarctica’s potential partial collapse. Keywords: tropical cyclones; flood height; New York City; sea-level rise; coastal flooding United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant 424-18 45GZ) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA11OAR4310101) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE 1458904) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant EAR 1520683) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant ATM-1446329) Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 45 11861 11866 |
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DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
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description |
The flood hazard in New York City depends on both storm surges and rising sea levels. We combine modeled storm surges with probabilistic sea-level rise projections to assess future coastal inundation in New York City from the preindustrial era through 2300 CE. The storm surges are derived from large sets of synthetic tropical cyclones, downscaled from RCP8.5 simulations from three CMIP5 models. The sea-level rise projections account for potential partial collapse of the Antarctic ice sheet in assessing future coastal inundation. CMIP5 models indicate that there will be minimal change in storm-surge heights from 2010 to 2100 or 2300, because the predicted strengthening of the strongest storms will be compensated by storm tracks moving offshore at the latitude of New York City. However, projected sea-level rise causes overall flood heights associated with tropical cyclones in New York City in coming centuries to increase greatly compared with preindustrial or modern flood heights. For the various sea-level rise scenarios we consider, the 1-in-500-y flood event increases from 3.4 m above mean tidal level during 1970–2005 to 4.0–5.1 m above mean tidal level by 2080–2100 and ranges from 5.0–15.4 m above mean tidal level by 2280–2300. Further, we find that the return period of a 2.25-m flood has decreased from ~500 y before 1800 to ~25 y during 1970–2005 and further decreases to ~5 y by 2030–2045 in 95% of our simulations. The 2.25-m flood height is permanently exceeded by 2280–2300 for scenarios that include Antarctica’s potential partial collapse. Keywords: tropical cyclones; flood height; New York City; sea-level rise; coastal flooding United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant 424-18 45GZ) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA11OAR4310101) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE 1458904) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant EAR 1520683) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant ATM-1446329) |
author2 |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Emanuel, Kerry Andrew |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Garner, Andra J. Mann, Michael E. Kopp, Robert E. Lin, Ning Alley, Richard B. Horton, Benjamin P. DeConto, Robert M. Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Pollard, David Emanuel, Kerry Andrew |
spellingShingle |
Garner, Andra J. Mann, Michael E. Kopp, Robert E. Lin, Ning Alley, Richard B. Horton, Benjamin P. DeConto, Robert M. Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Pollard, David Emanuel, Kerry Andrew Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
author_facet |
Garner, Andra J. Mann, Michael E. Kopp, Robert E. Lin, Ning Alley, Richard B. Horton, Benjamin P. DeConto, Robert M. Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Pollard, David Emanuel, Kerry Andrew |
author_sort |
Garner, Andra J. |
title |
Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
title_short |
Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
title_full |
Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
title_fullStr |
Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard: Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE |
title_sort |
impact of climate change on new york city’s coastal flood hazard: increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 ce |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115204 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
op_source |
PNAS |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1703568114 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 0027-8424 1091-6490 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115204 Garner, Andra J. et al. “Impact of Climate Change on New York City’s Coastal Flood Hazard: Increasing Flood Heights from the Preindustrial to 2300 CE.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, 45 (October 2017): 11861–11866 © 2017 National Academy of Sciences orcid:0000-0002-2066-2082 |
op_rights |
Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1703568114 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
114 |
container_issue |
45 |
container_start_page |
11861 |
op_container_end_page |
11866 |
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1768377994616766464 |