The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes
Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. While aerobic respiration is...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2017
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053 |
id |
ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/109053 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/109053 2023-06-11T04:14:56+02:00 The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes Collins, James R. (James Robert) Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences t --- ln --- 2017 300 pages application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053 eng eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053 986241065 MIT theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed, downloaded, or printed from this source but further reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 Joint Program in Oceanography Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Microorganisms Respiration Liposomes Thesis 2017 ftmit 2023-05-29T08:25:26Z Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. While aerobic respiration is typically invoked as the dominant mass-balance sink for organic matter in the upper ocean, many other biological and abiotic processes can degrade particulate and dissolved substrates on globally significant scales. The relative strengths of these other remineralization processes - including mechanical mechanisms such as dissolution and disaggregation of sinking particles, and abiotic processes such as photooxidation - remain poorly constrained. In this thesis, I examine the biogeochemical significance of various alternative pathways of organic matter remineralization using a combination of field experiments, modeling approaches, geochemical analyses, and a new, high-throughput lipidomics method for identification of lipid biomarkers. I first assess the relative importance of particle-attached microbial respiration compared to other processes that can degrade sinking marine particles. A hybrid methodological approach - comparison of substrate-specific respiration rates from across the North Atlantic basin with Monte Carlo-style sensitivity analyses of a simple mechanistic model - suggested sinking particle material was transferred to the water column by various biological and mechanical processes nearly 3.5 times as fast as it was directly respired, questioning the conventional assumption that direct respiration dominates remineralization. I next present and demonstrate a new lipidomics method and open-source software package for discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers for organic matter degradation in large, high-mass-accuracy HPLC-ESI-MS datasets. I use the software to unambiguously identify more than 1,100 unique lipids, oxidized lipids, and oxylipins in data from cultures of the marine diatom ... Thesis North Atlantic DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftmit |
language |
English |
topic |
Joint Program in Oceanography Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Microorganisms Respiration Liposomes |
spellingShingle |
Joint Program in Oceanography Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Microorganisms Respiration Liposomes Collins, James R. (James Robert) The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
topic_facet |
Joint Program in Oceanography Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Microorganisms Respiration Liposomes |
description |
Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. While aerobic respiration is typically invoked as the dominant mass-balance sink for organic matter in the upper ocean, many other biological and abiotic processes can degrade particulate and dissolved substrates on globally significant scales. The relative strengths of these other remineralization processes - including mechanical mechanisms such as dissolution and disaggregation of sinking particles, and abiotic processes such as photooxidation - remain poorly constrained. In this thesis, I examine the biogeochemical significance of various alternative pathways of organic matter remineralization using a combination of field experiments, modeling approaches, geochemical analyses, and a new, high-throughput lipidomics method for identification of lipid biomarkers. I first assess the relative importance of particle-attached microbial respiration compared to other processes that can degrade sinking marine particles. A hybrid methodological approach - comparison of substrate-specific respiration rates from across the North Atlantic basin with Monte Carlo-style sensitivity analyses of a simple mechanistic model - suggested sinking particle material was transferred to the water column by various biological and mechanical processes nearly 3.5 times as fast as it was directly respired, questioning the conventional assumption that direct respiration dominates remineralization. I next present and demonstrate a new lipidomics method and open-source software package for discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers for organic matter degradation in large, high-mass-accuracy HPLC-ESI-MS datasets. I use the software to unambiguously identify more than 1,100 unique lipids, oxidized lipids, and oxylipins in data from cultures of the marine diatom ... |
author2 |
Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Collins, James R. (James Robert) |
author_facet |
Collins, James R. (James Robert) |
author_sort |
Collins, James R. (James Robert) |
title |
The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
title_short |
The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
title_full |
The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
title_fullStr |
The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
title_full_unstemmed |
The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
title_sort |
remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes |
publisher |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053 |
op_coverage |
t --- ln --- |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053 986241065 |
op_rights |
MIT theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed, downloaded, or printed from this source but further reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 |
_version_ |
1768371319086252032 |