The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean
Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2016. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical re...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103254 |
id |
ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/103254 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/103254 2023-06-11T04:15:00+02:00 The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean Edwards, Bethanie Rachele Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. ln --- 2016 pages application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103254 eng eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103254 951629961 M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Thesis 2016 ftmit 2023-05-29T08:17:06Z Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2016. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. The role of oxylipins in ocean biogeochemistry was investigated using microcosm amendment experiments, environmental lipidomics, and culture based studies. Oxylipins are a bioactive class of secondary metabolites produced by diatoms and other eukaryotic phytoplankton. Previous research has focused mainly on one class of oxylipins, polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), and their impacts on copepods. And few studies have looked at the impacts of oxylipins in situ. Here I show that oxylipins have the potential to impact carbon flux attenuation, oxylipin production in situ is linked to diatom bloom decline and viruses, and oxylipins deter microzooplankton grazing. Sinking particles collected in the North Atlantic were determined to be hot spots for PUAs with concentrations in the micromolar range. Natural particle associated microbial communities exhibited a dose dependent response to PUAs. Stimulatory PUA concentrations ranged from 1-10 ptM, resulting in enhanced remineralization of organic matter by particle associated microbes. Thus, PUAs produced during bloom decline may lead to greater flux attenuation and nutrient recycling. A novel lipidomics approach was applied along a cruise track in the California Coastal System revealing that canonical diatom free fatty acids and oxylipins dominated the dissolved lipidome and oxylipin abundance was correlated with diatom bloom demise as assessed by phaeophytin and biogenic Si. RNA viruses were likely the cause of diatom bloom demise and may have induced oxylipin production. The link between viruses and oxylipins represents a new infochemical signaling pathway in the ocean. Many oxylipins that are novel to the marine environment were also identified. The dissolved ... Thesis North Atlantic Copepods DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftmit |
language |
English |
topic |
Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |
spellingShingle |
Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Edwards, Bethanie Rachele The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
topic_facet |
Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |
description |
Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2016. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. The role of oxylipins in ocean biogeochemistry was investigated using microcosm amendment experiments, environmental lipidomics, and culture based studies. Oxylipins are a bioactive class of secondary metabolites produced by diatoms and other eukaryotic phytoplankton. Previous research has focused mainly on one class of oxylipins, polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), and their impacts on copepods. And few studies have looked at the impacts of oxylipins in situ. Here I show that oxylipins have the potential to impact carbon flux attenuation, oxylipin production in situ is linked to diatom bloom decline and viruses, and oxylipins deter microzooplankton grazing. Sinking particles collected in the North Atlantic were determined to be hot spots for PUAs with concentrations in the micromolar range. Natural particle associated microbial communities exhibited a dose dependent response to PUAs. Stimulatory PUA concentrations ranged from 1-10 ptM, resulting in enhanced remineralization of organic matter by particle associated microbes. Thus, PUAs produced during bloom decline may lead to greater flux attenuation and nutrient recycling. A novel lipidomics approach was applied along a cruise track in the California Coastal System revealing that canonical diatom free fatty acids and oxylipins dominated the dissolved lipidome and oxylipin abundance was correlated with diatom bloom demise as assessed by phaeophytin and biogenic Si. RNA viruses were likely the cause of diatom bloom demise and may have induced oxylipin production. The link between viruses and oxylipins represents a new infochemical signaling pathway in the ocean. Many oxylipins that are novel to the marine environment were also identified. The dissolved ... |
author2 |
Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Edwards, Bethanie Rachele |
author_facet |
Edwards, Bethanie Rachele |
author_sort |
Edwards, Bethanie Rachele |
title |
The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
title_short |
The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
title_full |
The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
title_fullStr |
The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
The biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
title_sort |
biogeochemistry of lipid derived infochemical signals in the ocean |
publisher |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103254 |
op_coverage |
ln --- |
genre |
North Atlantic Copepods |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Copepods |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103254 951629961 |
op_rights |
M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 |
_version_ |
1768371463552761856 |