Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic
A recent state estimate covering the period 1992–2010 from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project is utilized to quantify the roles of air–sea heat fluxes and advective heat transport convergences in setting upper-ocean heat content anomalies H in the North Atlantic O...
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ftmit:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/100468 2023-06-11T04:14:34+02:00 Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic Buckley, Martha W. Ponte, Rui M. Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick 2015-01 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100468 en_US eng American Meteorological Society http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00579.1 Journal of Climate 0894-8755 1520-0442 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100468 Buckley, Martha W., Rui M. Ponte, Gael Forget, and Patrick Heimbach. “Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic.” J. Climate 28, no. 10 (May 2015): 3943–3956. © 2015 American Meteorological Society orcid:0000-0003-3925-6161 Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. American Meteorological Society Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2015 ftmit https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00579.1 2023-05-29T08:30:29Z A recent state estimate covering the period 1992–2010 from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project is utilized to quantify the roles of air–sea heat fluxes and advective heat transport convergences in setting upper-ocean heat content anomalies H in the North Atlantic Ocean on monthly to interannual time scales. Anomalies in (linear) advective heat transport convergences, as well as Ekman and geostrophic contributions, are decomposed into parts that are due to velocity variability, temperature variability, and their covariability. Ekman convergences are generally dominated by variability in Ekman mass transports, which reflect the instantaneous response to local wind forcing, except in the tropics, where variability in the temperature field plays a significant role. In contrast, both budget analyses and simple dynamical arguments demonstrate that geostrophic heat transport convergences that are due to temperature and velocity variability are anticorrelated, and thus their separate treatment is not insightful. In the interior of the subtropical gyre, the sum of air–sea heat fluxes and Ekman heat transport convergences is a reasonable measure of local atmospheric forcing, and such forcing explains the majority of H variability on all time scales resolved by ECCO. In contrast, in the Gulf Stream region and subpolar gyre, ocean dynamics are found to be important in setting H on interannual time scales. Air–sea heat fluxes damp anomalies created by the ocean and thus are not set by local atmospheric variability. United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310199) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310134) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310135) National Oceanographic Partnership Program (U.S.) (United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NNX08AV89G) Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Journal of Climate 28 10 3943 3956 |
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DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
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ftmit |
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English |
description |
A recent state estimate covering the period 1992–2010 from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project is utilized to quantify the roles of air–sea heat fluxes and advective heat transport convergences in setting upper-ocean heat content anomalies H in the North Atlantic Ocean on monthly to interannual time scales. Anomalies in (linear) advective heat transport convergences, as well as Ekman and geostrophic contributions, are decomposed into parts that are due to velocity variability, temperature variability, and their covariability. Ekman convergences are generally dominated by variability in Ekman mass transports, which reflect the instantaneous response to local wind forcing, except in the tropics, where variability in the temperature field plays a significant role. In contrast, both budget analyses and simple dynamical arguments demonstrate that geostrophic heat transport convergences that are due to temperature and velocity variability are anticorrelated, and thus their separate treatment is not insightful. In the interior of the subtropical gyre, the sum of air–sea heat fluxes and Ekman heat transport convergences is a reasonable measure of local atmospheric forcing, and such forcing explains the majority of H variability on all time scales resolved by ECCO. In contrast, in the Gulf Stream region and subpolar gyre, ocean dynamics are found to be important in setting H on interannual time scales. Air–sea heat fluxes damp anomalies created by the ocean and thus are not set by local atmospheric variability. United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310199) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310134) United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA10OAR4310135) National Oceanographic Partnership Program (U.S.) (United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NNX08AV89G) |
author2 |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Buckley, Martha W. Ponte, Rui M. Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick |
spellingShingle |
Buckley, Martha W. Ponte, Rui M. Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
author_facet |
Buckley, Martha W. Ponte, Rui M. Forget, Gael Heimbach, Patrick |
author_sort |
Buckley, Martha W. |
title |
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
title_short |
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
title_full |
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic |
title_sort |
determining the origins of advective heat transport convergence variability in the north atlantic |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100468 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
American Meteorological Society |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00579.1 Journal of Climate 0894-8755 1520-0442 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100468 Buckley, Martha W., Rui M. Ponte, Gael Forget, and Patrick Heimbach. “Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic.” J. Climate 28, no. 10 (May 2015): 3943–3956. © 2015 American Meteorological Society orcid:0000-0003-3925-6161 |
op_rights |
Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00579.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
3943 |
op_container_end_page |
3956 |
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1768392674092515328 |