CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. CloudSat spaceborne radar snowfall retrievals using two different methodologies – the 2C-SNOW-PROFILE (2C-SNOW) CloudSat product and the combined Kulie and Bennartz (2009) technique with the Hiley et al. (2011) reflectivity (Z) to snowfall rate (S) conversion (KBH) - are compare...
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ftmichigantuniv:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-25306 2023-05-15T13:31:55+02:00 CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis Milani, Lisa Kulie, Mark S. Casella, Daniele Dietrich, Stefano L'Ecuyer, Tristan S. Panegrossi, Giulia Porcù, Federico Sanò, Paolo Wood, Norman B. 2018-11-15T08:00:00Z https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/6004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 unknown Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/6004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 Michigan Tech Publications Antarctica CloudSat Precipitation Radar Satellite Snowfall text 2018 ftmichigantuniv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 2022-01-23T10:44:02Z © 2018 Elsevier B.V. CloudSat spaceborne radar snowfall retrievals using two different methodologies – the 2C-SNOW-PROFILE (2C-SNOW) CloudSat product and the combined Kulie and Bennartz (2009) technique with the Hiley et al. (2011) reflectivity (Z) to snowfall rate (S) conversion (KBH) - are compared over Antarctica and surrounding Southern Ocean environments. KBH algorithm sensitivity tests are performed to demonstrate how retrievals are affected by algorithm assumptions (e.g., vertical reflectivity continuity test, the choice of near surface bin used to make surface snowfall rate retrievals, and temperature filters). These algorithm components are found to be detrimental to snowfall detection over this region by significantly reducing the snowfall population compared to 2C-SNOW, especially over ocean regions prone to ERA-interim indicated convective snow. After accounting for key algorithm differences, 2C-SNOW mean annual snowfall rates are systematically higher than KBH due to the Z-S relationship adopted. Spatial annual mean snowfall accumulation differences between the two datasets are minimized over interior Antarctica, but large differences are observed over the ocean. 2C-SNOW Z-S relationships for all snowfall events (Z = 10.9 S1.3), over ocean and sea ice (Z = 8.2 S1.3), escarpments and Antarctic coastal areas - below 2000 m a.s.l. (Z = 6.7 S1.4), and Antarctic plateau - above 2000 m a.s.l. (Z = 5.5 S1.6) are also derived. A multi-year 2C-SNOW mean annual snowfall analysis is also provided, and comparisons with ERA-Interim snowfall datasets show similar spatial patterns, but magnitude differences over oceans are observed. A monthly 2C-SNOW and acoustic depth gauge analysis is provided to demonstrate qualitative trends in snowfall accumulation between the respective datasets. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean Michigan Technological University: Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Antarctic Southern Ocean Atmospheric Research 213 121 135 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Michigan Technological University: Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech |
op_collection_id |
ftmichigantuniv |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Antarctica CloudSat Precipitation Radar Satellite Snowfall |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica CloudSat Precipitation Radar Satellite Snowfall Milani, Lisa Kulie, Mark S. Casella, Daniele Dietrich, Stefano L'Ecuyer, Tristan S. Panegrossi, Giulia Porcù, Federico Sanò, Paolo Wood, Norman B. CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
topic_facet |
Antarctica CloudSat Precipitation Radar Satellite Snowfall |
description |
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. CloudSat spaceborne radar snowfall retrievals using two different methodologies – the 2C-SNOW-PROFILE (2C-SNOW) CloudSat product and the combined Kulie and Bennartz (2009) technique with the Hiley et al. (2011) reflectivity (Z) to snowfall rate (S) conversion (KBH) - are compared over Antarctica and surrounding Southern Ocean environments. KBH algorithm sensitivity tests are performed to demonstrate how retrievals are affected by algorithm assumptions (e.g., vertical reflectivity continuity test, the choice of near surface bin used to make surface snowfall rate retrievals, and temperature filters). These algorithm components are found to be detrimental to snowfall detection over this region by significantly reducing the snowfall population compared to 2C-SNOW, especially over ocean regions prone to ERA-interim indicated convective snow. After accounting for key algorithm differences, 2C-SNOW mean annual snowfall rates are systematically higher than KBH due to the Z-S relationship adopted. Spatial annual mean snowfall accumulation differences between the two datasets are minimized over interior Antarctica, but large differences are observed over the ocean. 2C-SNOW Z-S relationships for all snowfall events (Z = 10.9 S1.3), over ocean and sea ice (Z = 8.2 S1.3), escarpments and Antarctic coastal areas - below 2000 m a.s.l. (Z = 6.7 S1.4), and Antarctic plateau - above 2000 m a.s.l. (Z = 5.5 S1.6) are also derived. A multi-year 2C-SNOW mean annual snowfall analysis is also provided, and comparisons with ERA-Interim snowfall datasets show similar spatial patterns, but magnitude differences over oceans are observed. A monthly 2C-SNOW and acoustic depth gauge analysis is provided to demonstrate qualitative trends in snowfall accumulation between the respective datasets. |
format |
Text |
author |
Milani, Lisa Kulie, Mark S. Casella, Daniele Dietrich, Stefano L'Ecuyer, Tristan S. Panegrossi, Giulia Porcù, Federico Sanò, Paolo Wood, Norman B. |
author_facet |
Milani, Lisa Kulie, Mark S. Casella, Daniele Dietrich, Stefano L'Ecuyer, Tristan S. Panegrossi, Giulia Porcù, Federico Sanò, Paolo Wood, Norman B. |
author_sort |
Milani, Lisa |
title |
CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
title_short |
CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
title_full |
CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
title_fullStr |
CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
CloudSat snowfall estimates over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: An assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
title_sort |
cloudsat snowfall estimates over antarctica and the southern ocean: an assessment of independent retrieval methodologies and multi-year snowfall analysis |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/6004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Michigan Tech Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/6004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.015 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Research |
container_volume |
213 |
container_start_page |
121 |
op_container_end_page |
135 |
_version_ |
1766022521911508992 |