Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements
High‐volume particle samples were collected from 1979 to 1983 from the south pole atmosphere and analyzed by nuclear methods. The new results are combined with similar studies at the south pole. There is no trend of concentrations during 12 years of sampling, but concentrations of elements fluctuate...
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
1989
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ftmetuankair:oai:open.metu.edu.tr:11511/51973 2023-05-15T18:21:51+02:00 Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements Tuncel, Gurdal Zoller, William H. Aras, Namık Kemal 1989-9-20 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/51973 https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id10p13025 English eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES doi:10.1029/jd094id10p13025 13038 0148-0227 D10 13025 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/51973 94 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CC-BY-NC-ND Meteorology Atmospheric Sciences Journal Article 1989 ftmetuankair https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id10p13025 2020-10-28T15:21:38Z High‐volume particle samples were collected from 1979 to 1983 from the south pole atmosphere and analyzed by nuclear methods. The new results are combined with similar studies at the south pole. There is no trend of concentrations during 12 years of sampling, but concentrations of elements fluctuate through seasonal cycles. Concentrations of elements associated with crustal dust and sea salt showed opposite seasonal variations. Concentrations of most crustal elements are low during winters, but double during summers. Concentration of marine elements are low in the summers and high in winters. Enrichment factors of some crustal elements, such as Ba, La, Ce, Yb, and Hf are higher in the winter than summer, indicating the presence of a second crustal component with a different chemical composition in the south pole atmosphere. A similar difference in the crustal enrichment factor of Co is due to the influence of volcanic or anthropogenic sources. Sulfate, seasalt, meteoritic particles, volatiles, and two different types of crustal particles are found to be components of the south polar aerosols. The relative contribution of each component to total aerosol mass is as follows: crustal, 4.0% in summer, 2.5% in winter; marine elements 16.6% in summer, 78.6% in winter; sulfate, 77.5% in summer, 18.0% in winter; meteoritic particles, 0.1% in summer, 0.1% in winter; volatiles, 0.9% in summer, 0.5% in winter; crustal component II, 0.8% in summer, 0.7% in winter. Publisher's Version Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University) South Pole Journal of Geophysical Research 94 D10 13025 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University) |
op_collection_id |
ftmetuankair |
language |
English |
topic |
Meteorology Atmospheric Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Meteorology Atmospheric Sciences Tuncel, Gurdal Zoller, William H. Aras, Namık Kemal Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
topic_facet |
Meteorology Atmospheric Sciences |
description |
High‐volume particle samples were collected from 1979 to 1983 from the south pole atmosphere and analyzed by nuclear methods. The new results are combined with similar studies at the south pole. There is no trend of concentrations during 12 years of sampling, but concentrations of elements fluctuate through seasonal cycles. Concentrations of elements associated with crustal dust and sea salt showed opposite seasonal variations. Concentrations of most crustal elements are low during winters, but double during summers. Concentration of marine elements are low in the summers and high in winters. Enrichment factors of some crustal elements, such as Ba, La, Ce, Yb, and Hf are higher in the winter than summer, indicating the presence of a second crustal component with a different chemical composition in the south pole atmosphere. A similar difference in the crustal enrichment factor of Co is due to the influence of volcanic or anthropogenic sources. Sulfate, seasalt, meteoritic particles, volatiles, and two different types of crustal particles are found to be components of the south polar aerosols. The relative contribution of each component to total aerosol mass is as follows: crustal, 4.0% in summer, 2.5% in winter; marine elements 16.6% in summer, 78.6% in winter; sulfate, 77.5% in summer, 18.0% in winter; meteoritic particles, 0.1% in summer, 0.1% in winter; volatiles, 0.9% in summer, 0.5% in winter; crustal component II, 0.8% in summer, 0.7% in winter. Publisher's Version |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tuncel, Gurdal Zoller, William H. Aras, Namık Kemal |
author_facet |
Tuncel, Gurdal Zoller, William H. Aras, Namık Kemal |
author_sort |
Tuncel, Gurdal |
title |
Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
title_short |
Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
title_full |
Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
title_fullStr |
Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal variations and sources of elements in the South Pole atmosphere: 1. Nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
title_sort |
temporal variations and sources of elements in the south pole atmosphere: 1. nonenriched and moderately enriched elements |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
1989 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/51973 https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id10p13025 |
geographic |
South Pole |
geographic_facet |
South Pole |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_relation |
doi:10.1029/jd094id10p13025 13038 0148-0227 D10 13025 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/51973 94 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id10p13025 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research |
container_volume |
94 |
container_issue |
D10 |
container_start_page |
13025 |
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1766201184318652416 |