Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study
An individual-based model is developed to examine mechanisms that potentially underlie the observed constancy in fledging weight (2.8-3.2 kg) of Adelie (4Pygoscelis adeliae) penguin chicks, in spite of large variability in the abundance of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the primary food source...
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POLAR BIOLOGY
2001
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000000215 |
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ftmetuankair:oai:https://open.metu.edu.tr:11511/30103 2023-05-15T13:04:47+02:00 Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study Salihoğlu, Barış Fraser, WR Hofmann, EE 2001-05-01 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000000215 unknown POLAR BIOLOGY Salihoglu B., Fraser W., Hofmann E., "Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study", POLAR BIOLOGY, cilt.24, ss.328-337, 2001 doi:10.1007/s003000000215 337 0722-4060 5 0035033934 328 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30103 24 WOS:000168622700005 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CC-BY-NC-ND Krill euphausia-superba South-orkney islands King-george-island Sea-ice extent Antarctic krill Energy-requirements Chinstrap penguins Growth Food Segregation Journal Article 2001 ftmetuankair https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000000215 2020-12-11T12:13:15Z An individual-based model is developed to examine mechanisms that potentially underlie the observed constancy in fledging weight (2.8-3.2 kg) of Adelie (4Pygoscelis adeliae) penguin chicks, in spite of large variability in the abundance of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the primary food source. The model describes the energetic requirements of the chick. with growth resulting from the difference between assimilated energy and respiration. Parameterizations of these metabolic processes are based upon experimental and field observations. Ingestion of Antarctic krill by the chick is dependent on the frequency of food delivery to the chick by the adults, which is based on measured foraging times. The mass, size, and size frequency distribution of Antarctic krill fed to the chick are specified using empirical data. The energy content of the Ant arctic krill provided to the chick is taken to be constant or allowed to vary with size. The simulations show that food availability is most critical in the latter portion of chick development, when growth rates and food demands are high. Low food availability during this time must be compensated by either feeding chicks with larger krill of higher caloric value or by increased assimilation efficiency. Periods when small krill with lower caloric value dominate require more frequent. feeding of the chicks in order to attain their observed fledging weight. Thus, although the total food energy given to the chick is the main factor determining chick growth, the distribution of food availability relative to chick size (i.e., different net growth rates) and food quality are also factors influencing the fledging weight of penguin chicks. The simulations provide insight into the compensating effects of food delivery, food quality, and metabolic processes that allow Adelie penguin chicks to reach their observed fledging weight in spite of considerable environmental variability in food supply. Article in Journal/Newspaper Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic krill Arctic Euphausia superba King George Island Polar Biology Pygoscelis adeliae Sea ice South Orkney Islands OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University) Antarctic Arctic King George Island South Orkney Islands ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) Polar Biology 24 5 328 337 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University) |
op_collection_id |
ftmetuankair |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Krill euphausia-superba South-orkney islands King-george-island Sea-ice extent Antarctic krill Energy-requirements Chinstrap penguins Growth Food Segregation |
spellingShingle |
Krill euphausia-superba South-orkney islands King-george-island Sea-ice extent Antarctic krill Energy-requirements Chinstrap penguins Growth Food Segregation Salihoğlu, Barış Fraser, WR Hofmann, EE Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
topic_facet |
Krill euphausia-superba South-orkney islands King-george-island Sea-ice extent Antarctic krill Energy-requirements Chinstrap penguins Growth Food Segregation |
description |
An individual-based model is developed to examine mechanisms that potentially underlie the observed constancy in fledging weight (2.8-3.2 kg) of Adelie (4Pygoscelis adeliae) penguin chicks, in spite of large variability in the abundance of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the primary food source. The model describes the energetic requirements of the chick. with growth resulting from the difference between assimilated energy and respiration. Parameterizations of these metabolic processes are based upon experimental and field observations. Ingestion of Antarctic krill by the chick is dependent on the frequency of food delivery to the chick by the adults, which is based on measured foraging times. The mass, size, and size frequency distribution of Antarctic krill fed to the chick are specified using empirical data. The energy content of the Ant arctic krill provided to the chick is taken to be constant or allowed to vary with size. The simulations show that food availability is most critical in the latter portion of chick development, when growth rates and food demands are high. Low food availability during this time must be compensated by either feeding chicks with larger krill of higher caloric value or by increased assimilation efficiency. Periods when small krill with lower caloric value dominate require more frequent. feeding of the chicks in order to attain their observed fledging weight. Thus, although the total food energy given to the chick is the main factor determining chick growth, the distribution of food availability relative to chick size (i.e., different net growth rates) and food quality are also factors influencing the fledging weight of penguin chicks. The simulations provide insight into the compensating effects of food delivery, food quality, and metabolic processes that allow Adelie penguin chicks to reach their observed fledging weight in spite of considerable environmental variability in food supply. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Salihoğlu, Barış Fraser, WR Hofmann, EE |
author_facet |
Salihoğlu, Barış Fraser, WR Hofmann, EE |
author_sort |
Salihoğlu, Barış |
title |
Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
title_short |
Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
title_full |
Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
title_fullStr |
Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
title_sort |
factors affecting fledging weight of adelie penguin (pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study |
publisher |
POLAR BIOLOGY |
publishDate |
2001 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000000215 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic King George Island South Orkney Islands |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic King George Island South Orkney Islands |
genre |
Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic krill Arctic Euphausia superba King George Island Polar Biology Pygoscelis adeliae Sea ice South Orkney Islands |
genre_facet |
Adelie penguin Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic krill Arctic Euphausia superba King George Island Polar Biology Pygoscelis adeliae Sea ice South Orkney Islands |
op_relation |
Salihoglu B., Fraser W., Hofmann E., "Factors affecting fledging weight of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks: a modeling study", POLAR BIOLOGY, cilt.24, ss.328-337, 2001 doi:10.1007/s003000000215 337 0722-4060 5 0035033934 328 https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30103 24 WOS:000168622700005 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000000215 |
container_title |
Polar Biology |
container_volume |
24 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
328 |
op_container_end_page |
337 |
_version_ |
1766370959966601216 |