Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier
This thesis presents a study of the rifting processes of an outflow glacier leading to cal- ving. In the context of the CRAC-ICE program we worked on understanding the evolution of the Mertz Glacier, located in the King George V Land, East Antarctica. Before its cal- ving which occurred in February...
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Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
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HAL CCSD
2012
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/file/thesis_Lescarmontier.pdf |
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ftmeteofrance:oai:HAL:tel-00730943v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Météo-France: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftmeteofrance |
language |
French |
topic |
Antarctica Glacier Iceberg calving Ocean-Ice interaction GPS processing Glacier émissaire Antarctique Iceberg Vêlage Fracturation Interaction océan-glace Traitement GPS [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica Glacier Iceberg calving Ocean-Ice interaction GPS processing Glacier émissaire Antarctique Iceberg Vêlage Fracturation Interaction océan-glace Traitement GPS [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Lescarmontier, Lydie Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
topic_facet |
Antarctica Glacier Iceberg calving Ocean-Ice interaction GPS processing Glacier émissaire Antarctique Iceberg Vêlage Fracturation Interaction océan-glace Traitement GPS [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
This thesis presents a study of the rifting processes of an outflow glacier leading to cal- ving. In the context of the CRAC-ICE program we worked on understanding the evolution of the Mertz Glacier, located in the King George V Land, East Antarctica. Before its cal- ving which occurred in February 2010, releasing an iceberg of about 80 km long and 35 km width, the Mertz Glacier was characterized by an ice tongue extending into the open ocean. This ice tongue, fractured by a large rift since the beginning of 1990, was 150 km long by 35 km in width. Using a range of in-situ GPS data, satellite images and an ocea- nic tide model (TUGO-Mertz), we followed the evolution of the glacier and the calving of its iceberg. The first part of this study consisted in developing a high precision GPS processing strategy allowing us to get the best accuracy possible for our measurements. These data were processed using the GINS software and a processing strategy named IPPP, based on absolute positioning. The accuracy of our results allowed us the ability to observe centimeter scale oscillations of the ice tongue. Then, we compared these observed signals with an Euler-Bernoulli beam based model, and found out that they matched with vibration modes of the ice tongue in three different configurations. The periods recorded varied from 5 minutes to a few hours. In this range of temporal values, the main oceanic forcing mechanisms are ocean swell and infra-gravity waves. We also demonstrated that the vibrations of the glacier tongue, lead to torsion movements and hence rifting. At larger spatial scale, tidal currents and ocean sea surface height impacts on the evolution of the ice tongue. Tidal currents mainly affect the rift opening, whereas the sea surface height tends to modulate the along flow current velocity. In addition to these mechanisms, we followed the evolution of the main rift, first opening on the eastern part of the ice tongue and then on the western part until the glacier calved. Finally, we focused on the different ... |
author2 |
Cryosphère satelittaire (CRYO) Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III Benoît LEGRESY et Richard COLEMAN |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Lescarmontier, Lydie |
author_facet |
Lescarmontier, Lydie |
author_sort |
Lescarmontier, Lydie |
title |
Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
title_short |
Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
title_full |
Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
title_fullStr |
Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier |
title_sort |
rifting and calving processes of antarctica icebergs : story of the mertz glacier |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/file/thesis_Lescarmontier.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* East Antarctica George V Land Mertz Glacier |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* East Antarctica George V Land Mertz Glacier |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 Océan, Atmosphère. Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ |
op_relation |
tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/file/thesis_Lescarmontier.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1810486908885663744 |
spelling |
ftmeteofrance:oai:HAL:tel-00730943v1 2024-09-15T17:40:51+00:00 Rifting and calving processes of Antarctica icebergs : Story of the Mertz Glacier Etude des processus de fracturation et vêlage d'iceberg en Antarctique : Une histoire du glacier Mertz Lescarmontier, Lydie Cryosphère satelittaire (CRYO) Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III Benoît LEGRESY et Richard COLEMAN 2012-03-02 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/file/thesis_Lescarmontier.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943/file/thesis_Lescarmontier.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-00730943 Océan, Atmosphère. Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ Antarctica Glacier Iceberg calving Ocean-Ice interaction GPS processing Glacier émissaire Antarctique Iceberg Vêlage Fracturation Interaction océan-glace Traitement GPS [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2012 ftmeteofrance 2024-06-25T00:00:09Z This thesis presents a study of the rifting processes of an outflow glacier leading to cal- ving. In the context of the CRAC-ICE program we worked on understanding the evolution of the Mertz Glacier, located in the King George V Land, East Antarctica. Before its cal- ving which occurred in February 2010, releasing an iceberg of about 80 km long and 35 km width, the Mertz Glacier was characterized by an ice tongue extending into the open ocean. This ice tongue, fractured by a large rift since the beginning of 1990, was 150 km long by 35 km in width. Using a range of in-situ GPS data, satellite images and an ocea- nic tide model (TUGO-Mertz), we followed the evolution of the glacier and the calving of its iceberg. The first part of this study consisted in developing a high precision GPS processing strategy allowing us to get the best accuracy possible for our measurements. These data were processed using the GINS software and a processing strategy named IPPP, based on absolute positioning. The accuracy of our results allowed us the ability to observe centimeter scale oscillations of the ice tongue. Then, we compared these observed signals with an Euler-Bernoulli beam based model, and found out that they matched with vibration modes of the ice tongue in three different configurations. The periods recorded varied from 5 minutes to a few hours. In this range of temporal values, the main oceanic forcing mechanisms are ocean swell and infra-gravity waves. We also demonstrated that the vibrations of the glacier tongue, lead to torsion movements and hence rifting. At larger spatial scale, tidal currents and ocean sea surface height impacts on the evolution of the ice tongue. Tidal currents mainly affect the rift opening, whereas the sea surface height tends to modulate the along flow current velocity. In addition to these mechanisms, we followed the evolution of the main rift, first opening on the eastern part of the ice tongue and then on the western part until the glacier calved. Finally, we focused on the different ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* East Antarctica George V Land Mertz Glacier Météo-France: HAL |