Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models
International audience Carbon cycle feedbacks are usually categorized into carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks, which arise owing to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and changing physical climate. Both feedbacks are often assumed to operate independently: that is, the total fee...
Published in: | Journal of Climate |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2014
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993/document https://hal.science/hal-03112993/file/jcli-d-13-00452.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 |
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Météo-France: HAL |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Schwinger, Jörg Tjiputra, Jerry Heinze, Christoph Bopp, Laurent Christian, James Gehlen, Marion Ilyina, Tatiana Jones, Chris Salas-Mélia, David Segschneider, Joachim Séférian, Roland Totterdell, Ian Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Carbon cycle feedbacks are usually categorized into carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks, which arise owing to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and changing physical climate. Both feedbacks are often assumed to operate independently: that is, the total feedback can be expressed as the sum of two independent carbon fluxes that are functions of atmospheric CO2 and climate change, respectively. For phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), radiatively and biogeochemically coupled simulations have been undertaken to better understand carbon cycle feedback processes. Results show that the sum of total ocean carbon uptake in the radiatively and biogeochemically coupled experiments is consistently larger by 19–58 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) than the uptake found in the fully coupled model runs. This nonlinearity is small compared to the total ocean carbon uptake (533–676 Pg C), but it is of the same order as the carbon–climate feedback. The weakening of ocean circulation and mixing with climate change makes the largest contribution to the nonlinear carbon cycle response since carbon transport to depth is suppressed in the fully relative to the biogeochemically coupled simulations, while the radiatively coupled experiment mainly measures the loss of near-surface carbon owing to warming of the ocean. Sea ice retreat and seawater carbon chemistry contribute less to the simulated nonlinearity. The authors’ results indicate that estimates of the ocean carbon–climate feedback derived from “warming only” (radiatively coupled) simulations may underestimate the reduction of ocean carbon uptake in a warm climate high CO2 world |
author2 |
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR) Department of Biological Sciences Bergen (BIO / UiB) University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft United Kingdom Met Office Exeter Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schwinger, Jörg Tjiputra, Jerry Heinze, Christoph Bopp, Laurent Christian, James Gehlen, Marion Ilyina, Tatiana Jones, Chris Salas-Mélia, David Segschneider, Joachim Séférian, Roland Totterdell, Ian |
author_facet |
Schwinger, Jörg Tjiputra, Jerry Heinze, Christoph Bopp, Laurent Christian, James Gehlen, Marion Ilyina, Tatiana Jones, Chris Salas-Mélia, David Segschneider, Joachim Séférian, Roland Totterdell, Ian |
author_sort |
Schwinger, Jörg |
title |
Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
title_short |
Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
title_full |
Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
title_fullStr |
Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models |
title_sort |
nonlinearity of ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in cmip5 earth system models |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993/document https://hal.science/hal-03112993/file/jcli-d-13-00452.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 0894-8755 EISSN: 1520-0442 Journal of Climate https://hal.science/hal-03112993 Journal of Climate, 2014, 27 (11), pp.3869-3888. ⟨10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993/document https://hal.science/hal-03112993/file/jcli-d-13-00452.1.pdf doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
3869 |
op_container_end_page |
3888 |
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1810478742802268160 |
spelling |
ftmeteofrance:oai:HAL:hal-03112993v1 2024-09-15T18:35:33+00:00 Nonlinearity of Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models Schwinger, Jörg Tjiputra, Jerry Heinze, Christoph Bopp, Laurent Christian, James Gehlen, Marion Ilyina, Tatiana Jones, Chris Salas-Mélia, David Segschneider, Joachim Séférian, Roland Totterdell, Ian Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR) Department of Biological Sciences Bergen (BIO / UiB) University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft United Kingdom Met Office Exeter Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2014 https://hal.science/hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993/document https://hal.science/hal-03112993/file/jcli-d-13-00452.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 en eng HAL CCSD American Meteorological Society info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993 https://hal.science/hal-03112993/document https://hal.science/hal-03112993/file/jcli-d-13-00452.1.pdf doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0894-8755 EISSN: 1520-0442 Journal of Climate https://hal.science/hal-03112993 Journal of Climate, 2014, 27 (11), pp.3869-3888. ⟨10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2014 ftmeteofrance https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00452.1 2024-06-25T00:12:47Z International audience Carbon cycle feedbacks are usually categorized into carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks, which arise owing to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and changing physical climate. Both feedbacks are often assumed to operate independently: that is, the total feedback can be expressed as the sum of two independent carbon fluxes that are functions of atmospheric CO2 and climate change, respectively. For phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), radiatively and biogeochemically coupled simulations have been undertaken to better understand carbon cycle feedback processes. Results show that the sum of total ocean carbon uptake in the radiatively and biogeochemically coupled experiments is consistently larger by 19–58 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) than the uptake found in the fully coupled model runs. This nonlinearity is small compared to the total ocean carbon uptake (533–676 Pg C), but it is of the same order as the carbon–climate feedback. The weakening of ocean circulation and mixing with climate change makes the largest contribution to the nonlinear carbon cycle response since carbon transport to depth is suppressed in the fully relative to the biogeochemically coupled simulations, while the radiatively coupled experiment mainly measures the loss of near-surface carbon owing to warming of the ocean. Sea ice retreat and seawater carbon chemistry contribute less to the simulated nonlinearity. The authors’ results indicate that estimates of the ocean carbon–climate feedback derived from “warming only” (radiatively coupled) simulations may underestimate the reduction of ocean carbon uptake in a warm climate high CO2 world Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Météo-France: HAL Journal of Climate 27 11 3869 3888 |