Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. Aquaculture Bibliography: leaves 47-53 Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) inhabit inshore waters along the North American Atlantic coast. During the winter, these waters are frequently ice covered and can reach temperatures as low as -1.9°C. The...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2002
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/88971 |
id |
ftmemorialunivdc:oai:collections.mun.ca:theses3/88971 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmemorialunivdc:oai:collections.mun.ca:theses3/88971 2023-05-15T17:23:32+02:00 Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production Lewis, Johanne M., 1977- Memorial University of Newfoundland.Aquaculture Programme North Atlantic Ocean 2002 ix, 53 leaves : map Image/jpeg; Application/pdf http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/88971 eng eng Electronic Theses and Dissertations (6.45 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/Lewis_JohanneM.pdf a1591191 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/88971 The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries Rainbow smelt--Effect of cold on--North Atlantic Ocean Rainbow smelt--North Atlantic Ocean--Physiology Cryobiochemistry Text Electronic thesis or dissertation 2002 ftmemorialunivdc 2015-08-06T19:18:45Z Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. Aquaculture Bibliography: leaves 47-53 Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) inhabit inshore waters along the North American Atlantic coast. During the winter, these waters are frequently ice covered and can reach temperatures as low as -1.9°C. The freezing point of normal teleost blood is between -0.7 and -0.9°C. Therefore, to prevent freezing, smelt accumulate antifreeze proteins (AFP) and high levels of glycerol, which, unlike AFPs, lower the freezing point via colligative means. By performing a long term acclimation study, it was discovered that the upregulation of the antifreeze response (both glycerol and AFP) occurs in early fall, when water temperatures are 5-6°C. The accumulation of glycerol appears to be the main mechanism of freeze resistance in smelt as it contributes more to the lowering of the body's freezing point than the activity of the AFP (0.4 - 0.5°C versus 0.3°C for glycerol and AFP, respectively). The role of the AFP appears to be a safeguard mechanism to prevent freezing when glycerol levels are low. The significant increases in activities of the liver enzymes GPDH, AlaAT and PEPCK and their significant correlations with increasing glycerol levels, indicate that these enzymes are closely associated with, but do not regulate, the synthesis and maintenance of elevated glycerol levels in smelt for use as an antifreeze. Thesis Newfoundland studies North Atlantic University of Newfoundland Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) |
op_collection_id |
ftmemorialunivdc |
language |
English |
topic |
Rainbow smelt--Effect of cold on--North Atlantic Ocean Rainbow smelt--North Atlantic Ocean--Physiology Cryobiochemistry |
spellingShingle |
Rainbow smelt--Effect of cold on--North Atlantic Ocean Rainbow smelt--North Atlantic Ocean--Physiology Cryobiochemistry Lewis, Johanne M., 1977- Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
topic_facet |
Rainbow smelt--Effect of cold on--North Atlantic Ocean Rainbow smelt--North Atlantic Ocean--Physiology Cryobiochemistry |
description |
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. Aquaculture Bibliography: leaves 47-53 Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) inhabit inshore waters along the North American Atlantic coast. During the winter, these waters are frequently ice covered and can reach temperatures as low as -1.9°C. The freezing point of normal teleost blood is between -0.7 and -0.9°C. Therefore, to prevent freezing, smelt accumulate antifreeze proteins (AFP) and high levels of glycerol, which, unlike AFPs, lower the freezing point via colligative means. By performing a long term acclimation study, it was discovered that the upregulation of the antifreeze response (both glycerol and AFP) occurs in early fall, when water temperatures are 5-6°C. The accumulation of glycerol appears to be the main mechanism of freeze resistance in smelt as it contributes more to the lowering of the body's freezing point than the activity of the AFP (0.4 - 0.5°C versus 0.3°C for glycerol and AFP, respectively). The role of the AFP appears to be a safeguard mechanism to prevent freezing when glycerol levels are low. The significant increases in activities of the liver enzymes GPDH, AlaAT and PEPCK and their significant correlations with increasing glycerol levels, indicate that these enzymes are closely associated with, but do not regulate, the synthesis and maintenance of elevated glycerol levels in smelt for use as an antifreeze. |
author2 |
Memorial University of Newfoundland.Aquaculture Programme |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Lewis, Johanne M., 1977- |
author_facet |
Lewis, Johanne M., 1977- |
author_sort |
Lewis, Johanne M., 1977- |
title |
Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
title_short |
Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
title_full |
Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
title_fullStr |
Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
title_sort |
freeze resistance in rainbow smelt (osmerus mordax) : seasonal patterns of glycerol and antifreeze protein accumulation and the in vitro liver enzyme activity associated with glycerol production |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/88971 |
op_coverage |
North Atlantic Ocean |
genre |
Newfoundland studies North Atlantic University of Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland studies North Atlantic University of Newfoundland |
op_source |
Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries |
op_relation |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations (6.45 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/Lewis_JohanneM.pdf a1591191 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/88971 |
op_rights |
The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. |
_version_ |
1766113113607766016 |