Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1991. Biology Bibliography: leaves 300-324 The S. venustum/verecundum complex (Avalon Peninsula,Newfoundland) was examined to ascertain if individualcytotypes had unique and predictable ecological characteristics. Emphasis was placed on larval spa...
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1991
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Online Access: | http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/8580 |
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ftmemorialunivdc:oai:collections.mun.ca:theses3/8580 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) |
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ftmemorialunivdc |
language |
English |
topic |
Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics |
spellingShingle |
Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics McCreadie, John William, 1956- Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
topic_facet |
Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics |
description |
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1991. Biology Bibliography: leaves 300-324 The S. venustum/verecundum complex (Avalon Peninsula,Newfoundland) was examined to ascertain if individualcytotypes had unique and predictable ecological characteristics. Emphasis was placed on larval spatial-temporal distribution. Six cytotypes were found: EFG/C venustum, CC2-3 venustum (combined CC2 and CC3), AC(gb) venustum. AA verecundum and ACD verecundum. -- Larval cytotypes selected different macrohabitats. EFG/C and ACD were sublacustrine species; CC2-3 and AC(gb) preferred downstream sites. Within downstream habitats CC3 usually occurred in large streams and AC(gb) in cool canopied sites with a bed of small stones or rubble; CC2 was ubiquitous. AA preferred outlets and trickles. Cytotype fauna changed in a continuous, directional and predictable manner with increased distance from outlets. -- Abundance of CC2-3 increased with increasing seston and- discharge, and decreasing conductivity. AC(gb) abundance increased with increasing stream width. -- Larval cytotypes also selected different microhabitats. Optimal velocity for EFG/C and ACD was 0.36 and 0.71 m/s, respectively. EFG/C preferred shallow water but ACD showed no depth preference. These differences were not related to larval size. Maximum abundance of EFG/C occurred 10.5 - 16.O m from outlets; ACD was most abundant just below outlets. Proportionally more ACD and AA were found on vegetation than rocks; the reverse was true for EFG/C. The density of ACD and AA was higher on vegetation than rocks. -- Seasonal occurrence of cytotypes overlapped but population peaks were typically asynchronous. EFG/C appeared 1-5 weeks earlier than other cytotypes. ACD and AA appeared later and remained longer than other cytotypes. EFG/C was univoltine. AC(gb) may have a limited second generation. CC2-3 was bi- or multivoltine. ACD and AA were multivoltine. -- EFG/C complete larval development from 5 - 30°C with maximum survival between 15 - 20°C (68.0 - 73.5%). An ACD-AA mixed population completed development between 5 - 25°C with maximum survival between 15 - 25°C (55.3 - 61,0%) . The temperature survival curve of EFG/C was significantly different from ACD-AA. Threshold temperature was 0°C. Degree- days to complete larval development varied with temperature, cytotype and sex. Temperature also affected larval size. -- It was concluded that each cytotype examined was a distinct species with a unique and predictable ecological profile, supporting the hypothesis of widespread sibling speciation within the S. venustum/verecundum complex. |
author2 |
Memorial University of Newfoundland. Dept. of Biology |
format |
Thesis |
author |
McCreadie, John William, 1956- |
author_facet |
McCreadie, John William, 1956- |
author_sort |
McCreadie, John William, 1956- |
title |
Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
title_short |
Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
title_full |
Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
title_fullStr |
Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland |
title_sort |
ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the simulium venustum-verecundum complex (diptera- simuliidae) found on the avalon peninsula, newfoundland |
publishDate |
1991 |
url |
http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/8580 |
op_coverage |
Canada--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula |
geographic |
Canada Newfoundland |
geographic_facet |
Canada Newfoundland |
genre |
Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland |
op_source |
Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries |
op_relation |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations (85.47 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/McCreadie_JohnWilliam2.pdf 76099334 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/8580 |
op_rights |
The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. |
_version_ |
1766113414543835136 |
spelling |
ftmemorialunivdc:oai:collections.mun.ca:theses3/8580 2023-05-15T17:23:34+02:00 Ecological characterizations of cytotypes of the Simulium venustum-verecundum complex (Diptera- simuliidae) found on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland McCreadie, John William, 1956- Memorial University of Newfoundland. Dept. of Biology Canada--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula 1991 xvii, 347 leaves : ill. Image/jpeg; Application/pdf http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/8580 eng eng Electronic Theses and Dissertations (85.47 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/McCreadie_JohnWilliam2.pdf 76099334 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/8580 The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium venustum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Ecology Simulium verecundum--Newfoundland and Labrador--Avalon Peninsula--Genetics Text Electronic thesis or dissertation 1991 ftmemorialunivdc 2015-08-06T19:17:40Z Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1991. Biology Bibliography: leaves 300-324 The S. venustum/verecundum complex (Avalon Peninsula,Newfoundland) was examined to ascertain if individualcytotypes had unique and predictable ecological characteristics. Emphasis was placed on larval spatial-temporal distribution. Six cytotypes were found: EFG/C venustum, CC2-3 venustum (combined CC2 and CC3), AC(gb) venustum. AA verecundum and ACD verecundum. -- Larval cytotypes selected different macrohabitats. EFG/C and ACD were sublacustrine species; CC2-3 and AC(gb) preferred downstream sites. Within downstream habitats CC3 usually occurred in large streams and AC(gb) in cool canopied sites with a bed of small stones or rubble; CC2 was ubiquitous. AA preferred outlets and trickles. Cytotype fauna changed in a continuous, directional and predictable manner with increased distance from outlets. -- Abundance of CC2-3 increased with increasing seston and- discharge, and decreasing conductivity. AC(gb) abundance increased with increasing stream width. -- Larval cytotypes also selected different microhabitats. Optimal velocity for EFG/C and ACD was 0.36 and 0.71 m/s, respectively. EFG/C preferred shallow water but ACD showed no depth preference. These differences were not related to larval size. Maximum abundance of EFG/C occurred 10.5 - 16.O m from outlets; ACD was most abundant just below outlets. Proportionally more ACD and AA were found on vegetation than rocks; the reverse was true for EFG/C. The density of ACD and AA was higher on vegetation than rocks. -- Seasonal occurrence of cytotypes overlapped but population peaks were typically asynchronous. EFG/C appeared 1-5 weeks earlier than other cytotypes. ACD and AA appeared later and remained longer than other cytotypes. EFG/C was univoltine. AC(gb) may have a limited second generation. CC2-3 was bi- or multivoltine. ACD and AA were multivoltine. -- EFG/C complete larval development from 5 - 30°C with maximum survival between 15 - 20°C (68.0 - 73.5%). An ACD-AA mixed population completed development between 5 - 25°C with maximum survival between 15 - 25°C (55.3 - 61,0%) . The temperature survival curve of EFG/C was significantly different from ACD-AA. Threshold temperature was 0°C. Degree- days to complete larval development varied with temperature, cytotype and sex. Temperature also affected larval size. -- It was concluded that each cytotype examined was a distinct species with a unique and predictable ecological profile, supporting the hypothesis of widespread sibling speciation within the S. venustum/verecundum complex. Thesis Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) Canada Newfoundland |