Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. Biochemistry Bibliography: leaves 114-122 The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels generates a considerable amount of reaction byproducts, some of which are mutagenic and DNA-reactive nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons. This mutagenic action is gene...
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ftmemorialunivdc:oai:collections.mun.ca:theses3/61141 2023-05-15T17:23:32+02:00 Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures Pritchett, Blair, 1970- Memorial University of Newfoundland. Dept. of Biochemistry 1999 xviii, 122 leaves : ill. Image/jpeg; Application/pdf http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/61141 eng eng Electronic Theses and Dissertations (12.30 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/Pritchett_Blair.pdf a1493103 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/61141 The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries Combustion gases--Toxicology Mutagens Genetic toxicology Text Electronic thesis or dissertation 1999 ftmemorialunivdc 2015-08-06T19:18:03Z Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. Biochemistry Bibliography: leaves 114-122 The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels generates a considerable amount of reaction byproducts, some of which are mutagenic and DNA-reactive nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons. This mutagenic action is generally indirect, such that the compounds require metabolic activation for the exertion of their toxic effect. -- Used motor oil extracts prove more mutagenic than crude oil extracts in the Ames Salmonella assay for mutagenicity. This mutagenic effect is enhanced by the presence of a rat liver microsomal and cytosoiic protein preparation, as well as by the use of a bacterial strain enriched in O -acetylase activity. The mutagenic response is diminished in a bacterial strain that is deficient in bacterial nitroreductase. These data implicate nitrocompounds as principal agents in the overall mutagenicity of crankcase oil extracts. Crankcase oil extracts prove to be good substrates for nitroreductase enzyme activity in vitro. The effectiveness as a substrate of nitroreductase enzyme(s) also seems to correlate with the mutagenicity as measured in the Ames Salmonella assay. The measured nitroreductase activity exhibits no appreciable difference when NADH or NADPH is used as the reaction cofector. -- The activity cf nitroreductase enzymes can produce reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH), which can generate single strand nicks in DNA This effect can be initiated by the metabolism of nitrated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by mammalian liver enzymes. 1-nitropyrene and crankcase oil extracts are shown here to be capable of producing such nicks in the DNA of the plasmid pBR322. Thesis Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) |
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Memorial University of Newfoundland: Digital Archives Initiative (DAI) |
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ftmemorialunivdc |
language |
English |
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Combustion gases--Toxicology Mutagens Genetic toxicology |
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Combustion gases--Toxicology Mutagens Genetic toxicology Pritchett, Blair, 1970- Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
topic_facet |
Combustion gases--Toxicology Mutagens Genetic toxicology |
description |
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. Biochemistry Bibliography: leaves 114-122 The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels generates a considerable amount of reaction byproducts, some of which are mutagenic and DNA-reactive nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons. This mutagenic action is generally indirect, such that the compounds require metabolic activation for the exertion of their toxic effect. -- Used motor oil extracts prove more mutagenic than crude oil extracts in the Ames Salmonella assay for mutagenicity. This mutagenic effect is enhanced by the presence of a rat liver microsomal and cytosoiic protein preparation, as well as by the use of a bacterial strain enriched in O -acetylase activity. The mutagenic response is diminished in a bacterial strain that is deficient in bacterial nitroreductase. These data implicate nitrocompounds as principal agents in the overall mutagenicity of crankcase oil extracts. Crankcase oil extracts prove to be good substrates for nitroreductase enzyme activity in vitro. The effectiveness as a substrate of nitroreductase enzyme(s) also seems to correlate with the mutagenicity as measured in the Ames Salmonella assay. The measured nitroreductase activity exhibits no appreciable difference when NADH or NADPH is used as the reaction cofector. -- The activity cf nitroreductase enzymes can produce reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH), which can generate single strand nicks in DNA This effect can be initiated by the metabolism of nitrated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by mammalian liver enzymes. 1-nitropyrene and crankcase oil extracts are shown here to be capable of producing such nicks in the DNA of the plasmid pBR322. |
author2 |
Memorial University of Newfoundland. Dept. of Biochemistry |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Pritchett, Blair, 1970- |
author_facet |
Pritchett, Blair, 1970- |
author_sort |
Pritchett, Blair, 1970- |
title |
Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
title_short |
Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
title_full |
Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
title_fullStr |
Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
title_sort |
mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures |
publishDate |
1999 |
url |
http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/61141 |
genre |
Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland studies University of Newfoundland |
op_source |
Paper copy kept in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial University Libraries |
op_relation |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations (12.30 MB) -- http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/theses/Pritchett_Blair.pdf a1493103 http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/theses3/id/61141 |
op_rights |
The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. |
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