Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios
Reef-dwelling calcifiers face numerous environmental stresses associated with anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, including ocean acidification and warming. Photosymbiont-bearing calcifiers, such as large benthic foraminifera, are particularly sensitive to climate change. To gain insight into th...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2673-1924/2/2/17/ 2023-08-20T04:08:58+02:00 Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios Marleen Stuhr Louise P. Cameron Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer Claire E. Reymond Steve S. Doo Hildegard Westphal Albert Sickmann Justin B. Ries agris 2021-04-01 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Oceans; Volume 2; Issue 2; Pages: 281-314 Amphistegina lobifera coral reef global warming large benthic foraminifera LC-MS/MS proteomics ocean acidification pH microsensor photosymbiotic calcifier Red Sea thermal stress Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 2023-08-01T01:25:02Z Reef-dwelling calcifiers face numerous environmental stresses associated with anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, including ocean acidification and warming. Photosymbiont-bearing calcifiers, such as large benthic foraminifera, are particularly sensitive to climate change. To gain insight into their responses to near-future conditions, Amphistegina lobifera from the Gulf of Aqaba were cultured under three pCO2 conditions (492, 963, 3182 ppm) crossed with two temperature conditions (28 °C, 31 °C) for two months. Differential protein abundances in host and photosymbionts were investigated alongside physiological responses and microenvironmental pH gradients assessed via proton microsensors. Over 1000 proteins were identified, of which > 15% varied significantly between treatments. Thermal stress predominantly reduced protein abundances, and holobiont growth. Elevated pCO2 caused only minor proteomic alterations and color changes. Notably, pH at the test surface decreased with increasing pCO2 under all light/dark and temperature combinations. However, the difference between [H+] at the test surface and [H+] in the seawater—a measure of the organism’s mitigation of the acidified conditions—increased with light and pCO2. Combined stressors resulted in reduced pore sizes and increased microenvironmental pH gradients, indicating acclimative mechanisms that support calcite test production and/or preservation under climate change. Substantial proteomic variations at moderate-pCO2 and 31 °C and putative decreases in test stability at high-pCO2 and 31 °C indicate cellular modifications and impacts on calcification, in contrast to the LBFs’ apparently stable overall physiological performance. Our experiment shows that the effects of climate change can be missed when stressors are assessed in isolation, and that physiological responses should be assessed across organismal levels to make more meaningful inferences about the fate of reef calcifiers. Text Ocean acidification MDPI Open Access Publishing Oceans 2 2 281 314 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Amphistegina lobifera coral reef global warming large benthic foraminifera LC-MS/MS proteomics ocean acidification pH microsensor photosymbiotic calcifier Red Sea thermal stress |
spellingShingle |
Amphistegina lobifera coral reef global warming large benthic foraminifera LC-MS/MS proteomics ocean acidification pH microsensor photosymbiotic calcifier Red Sea thermal stress Marleen Stuhr Louise P. Cameron Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer Claire E. Reymond Steve S. Doo Hildegard Westphal Albert Sickmann Justin B. Ries Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
topic_facet |
Amphistegina lobifera coral reef global warming large benthic foraminifera LC-MS/MS proteomics ocean acidification pH microsensor photosymbiotic calcifier Red Sea thermal stress |
description |
Reef-dwelling calcifiers face numerous environmental stresses associated with anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, including ocean acidification and warming. Photosymbiont-bearing calcifiers, such as large benthic foraminifera, are particularly sensitive to climate change. To gain insight into their responses to near-future conditions, Amphistegina lobifera from the Gulf of Aqaba were cultured under three pCO2 conditions (492, 963, 3182 ppm) crossed with two temperature conditions (28 °C, 31 °C) for two months. Differential protein abundances in host and photosymbionts were investigated alongside physiological responses and microenvironmental pH gradients assessed via proton microsensors. Over 1000 proteins were identified, of which > 15% varied significantly between treatments. Thermal stress predominantly reduced protein abundances, and holobiont growth. Elevated pCO2 caused only minor proteomic alterations and color changes. Notably, pH at the test surface decreased with increasing pCO2 under all light/dark and temperature combinations. However, the difference between [H+] at the test surface and [H+] in the seawater—a measure of the organism’s mitigation of the acidified conditions—increased with light and pCO2. Combined stressors resulted in reduced pore sizes and increased microenvironmental pH gradients, indicating acclimative mechanisms that support calcite test production and/or preservation under climate change. Substantial proteomic variations at moderate-pCO2 and 31 °C and putative decreases in test stability at high-pCO2 and 31 °C indicate cellular modifications and impacts on calcification, in contrast to the LBFs’ apparently stable overall physiological performance. Our experiment shows that the effects of climate change can be missed when stressors are assessed in isolation, and that physiological responses should be assessed across organismal levels to make more meaningful inferences about the fate of reef calcifiers. |
format |
Text |
author |
Marleen Stuhr Louise P. Cameron Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer Claire E. Reymond Steve S. Doo Hildegard Westphal Albert Sickmann Justin B. Ries |
author_facet |
Marleen Stuhr Louise P. Cameron Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer Claire E. Reymond Steve S. Doo Hildegard Westphal Albert Sickmann Justin B. Ries |
author_sort |
Marleen Stuhr |
title |
Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
title_short |
Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
title_full |
Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
title_fullStr |
Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
title_full_unstemmed |
Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios |
title_sort |
divergent proteomic responses offer insights into resistant physiological responses of a reef-foraminifera to climate change scenarios |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Oceans; Volume 2; Issue 2; Pages: 281-314 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans2020017 |
container_title |
Oceans |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
281 |
op_container_end_page |
314 |
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