Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020
West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed (re-)emerging arboviruses. In Croatia, acute WNV infections as well as seropositivity were detected in humans, horses, birds and poultry. Although serologic evidence of WNV human infections dates back to the 1970s, no clinical cases were re...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2414-6366/6/3/140/ 2023-08-20T03:59:02+02:00 Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Vladimir Savic Ana Klobucar Thomas Ferenc Maja Ilic Maja Bogdanic Irena Tabain Vladimir Stevanovic Marija Santini Marcela Curman Posavec Suncica Petrinic Iva Benvin Ivana Ferencak Vlatko Rozac Ljubo Barbic 2021-07-24 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Vector-Borne Diseases https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 140 West Nile virus epidemiology ‘One Health’ Croatia Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 2023-08-01T02:15:59Z West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed (re-)emerging arboviruses. In Croatia, acute WNV infections as well as seropositivity were detected in humans, horses, birds and poultry. Although serologic evidence of WNV human infections dates back to the 1970s, no clinical cases were reported until 2012. WNV outbreaks, as well as sporadic infections, were continuously recorded in continental Croatian counties from 2012 to 2018. In addition, acute asymptomatic infections (IgM antibodies) in horses have been regularly notified in continental regions since 2012, while seropositive horses (seroprevalence rates 3.7–21.4%) were detected in both continental and coastal regions. Moreover, WNV seropositivity in poultry (1.8–22.9%) was reported from 2013 to 2020. During the largest WNV outbreak in 2018, WNV RNA was detected for the first time in two dead goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) from the same aviary in North-West Croatia, while WNV antibodies were found in one buzzard (Butteo butteo) from the same region. In addition, WNV RNA was detected in a dead blackbird (Turdus merula) at the Croatian littoral. The phylogenetic analysis of 11 strains detected in urine samples of patients with neuroinvasive disease and 1 strain detected in a goshawk showed circulation of WNV lineage 2. Thus far, WNV has not been detected in mosquitoes in Croatia. Text Accipiter gentilis MDPI Open Access Publishing Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 6 3 140 |
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English |
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West Nile virus epidemiology ‘One Health’ Croatia |
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West Nile virus epidemiology ‘One Health’ Croatia Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Vladimir Savic Ana Klobucar Thomas Ferenc Maja Ilic Maja Bogdanic Irena Tabain Vladimir Stevanovic Marija Santini Marcela Curman Posavec Suncica Petrinic Iva Benvin Ivana Ferencak Vlatko Rozac Ljubo Barbic Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
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West Nile virus epidemiology ‘One Health’ Croatia |
description |
West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed (re-)emerging arboviruses. In Croatia, acute WNV infections as well as seropositivity were detected in humans, horses, birds and poultry. Although serologic evidence of WNV human infections dates back to the 1970s, no clinical cases were reported until 2012. WNV outbreaks, as well as sporadic infections, were continuously recorded in continental Croatian counties from 2012 to 2018. In addition, acute asymptomatic infections (IgM antibodies) in horses have been regularly notified in continental regions since 2012, while seropositive horses (seroprevalence rates 3.7–21.4%) were detected in both continental and coastal regions. Moreover, WNV seropositivity in poultry (1.8–22.9%) was reported from 2013 to 2020. During the largest WNV outbreak in 2018, WNV RNA was detected for the first time in two dead goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) from the same aviary in North-West Croatia, while WNV antibodies were found in one buzzard (Butteo butteo) from the same region. In addition, WNV RNA was detected in a dead blackbird (Turdus merula) at the Croatian littoral. The phylogenetic analysis of 11 strains detected in urine samples of patients with neuroinvasive disease and 1 strain detected in a goshawk showed circulation of WNV lineage 2. Thus far, WNV has not been detected in mosquitoes in Croatia. |
format |
Text |
author |
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Vladimir Savic Ana Klobucar Thomas Ferenc Maja Ilic Maja Bogdanic Irena Tabain Vladimir Stevanovic Marija Santini Marcela Curman Posavec Suncica Petrinic Iva Benvin Ivana Ferencak Vlatko Rozac Ljubo Barbic |
author_facet |
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Vladimir Savic Ana Klobucar Thomas Ferenc Maja Ilic Maja Bogdanic Irena Tabain Vladimir Stevanovic Marija Santini Marcela Curman Posavec Suncica Petrinic Iva Benvin Ivana Ferencak Vlatko Rozac Ljubo Barbic |
author_sort |
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek |
title |
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
title_short |
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
title_full |
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
title_fullStr |
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020 |
title_sort |
emerging trends in the west nile virus epidemiology in croatia in the ‘one health’ context, 2011–2020 |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 |
genre |
Accipiter gentilis |
genre_facet |
Accipiter gentilis |
op_source |
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 140 |
op_relation |
Vector-Borne Diseases https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6030140 |
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Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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6 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
140 |
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1774724508617277440 |