Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp.
New sustainable feed ingredients are a necessity for the salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we examined the effect of pre-extrusion processing of two microalgae, Nannochloropsisoceanica and Tetraselmis sp., on the growth, fatty acid content in the flesh and health of Atlantic salmon. The fi...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2410-3888/6/3/23/ 2023-08-20T04:05:16+02:00 Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen Ateshm Ghirmay Yangyang Gong Dalia Dahle Ghana Vasanth Mette Sørensen Viswanath Kiron agris 2021-07-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Fishes; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 23 aquaculture feed ingredients fishmeal replacement novel ingredients nutrition Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 2023-08-01T02:15:48Z New sustainable feed ingredients are a necessity for the salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we examined the effect of pre-extrusion processing of two microalgae, Nannochloropsisoceanica and Tetraselmis sp., on the growth, fatty acid content in the flesh and health of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed one of the following five diets for nine weeks: (1) CO: a fish meal-based control (basal) diet, (2) NU: a Nannochloropsis diet, (3) NE: a pre-extruded Nannochloropsis diet, (4) TU: a Tetraselmis diet, and (5) TE: a pre-extruded Tetraselmis diet. The algae-incorporated diets contained 30% of the respective microalgae. Our results showed that the best growth performance was achieved by the CO diet, followed by the NE diets. Feeding of unprocessed Nannochloropsis and Tetraselmis resulted in a significant reduction in enterocyte vacuolization compared to the CO feeding. A significant effect of processing was noted in the fillet fatty acid content, the intestine and liver structure and the expression of selected genes in the liver. The expression of antioxidant genes in both the liver and intestine, and the accumulation of different fatty acids in the fillet and liver of the extruded algae-fed groups, warrants further investigation. In conclusion, based on the short-term study, 30% inclusion of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. can be considered in Atlantic salmon feeds. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar MDPI Open Access Publishing Fishes 6 3 23 |
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English |
topic |
aquaculture feed ingredients fishmeal replacement novel ingredients nutrition |
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aquaculture feed ingredients fishmeal replacement novel ingredients nutrition Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen Ateshm Ghirmay Yangyang Gong Dalia Dahle Ghana Vasanth Mette Sørensen Viswanath Kiron Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
topic_facet |
aquaculture feed ingredients fishmeal replacement novel ingredients nutrition |
description |
New sustainable feed ingredients are a necessity for the salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we examined the effect of pre-extrusion processing of two microalgae, Nannochloropsisoceanica and Tetraselmis sp., on the growth, fatty acid content in the flesh and health of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed one of the following five diets for nine weeks: (1) CO: a fish meal-based control (basal) diet, (2) NU: a Nannochloropsis diet, (3) NE: a pre-extruded Nannochloropsis diet, (4) TU: a Tetraselmis diet, and (5) TE: a pre-extruded Tetraselmis diet. The algae-incorporated diets contained 30% of the respective microalgae. Our results showed that the best growth performance was achieved by the CO diet, followed by the NE diets. Feeding of unprocessed Nannochloropsis and Tetraselmis resulted in a significant reduction in enterocyte vacuolization compared to the CO feeding. A significant effect of processing was noted in the fillet fatty acid content, the intestine and liver structure and the expression of selected genes in the liver. The expression of antioxidant genes in both the liver and intestine, and the accumulation of different fatty acids in the fillet and liver of the extruded algae-fed groups, warrants further investigation. In conclusion, based on the short-term study, 30% inclusion of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. can be considered in Atlantic salmon feeds. |
format |
Text |
author |
Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen Ateshm Ghirmay Yangyang Gong Dalia Dahle Ghana Vasanth Mette Sørensen Viswanath Kiron |
author_facet |
Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen Ateshm Ghirmay Yangyang Gong Dalia Dahle Ghana Vasanth Mette Sørensen Viswanath Kiron |
author_sort |
Solveig Lysfjord Sørensen |
title |
Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
title_short |
Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
title_full |
Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
title_fullStr |
Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and Antioxidant Genes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis sp. |
title_sort |
growth, chemical composition, histology and antioxidant genes of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) fed whole or pre-processed nannochloropsis oceanica and tetraselmis sp. |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Fishes; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 23 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023 |
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