Apoptotic Induction in Human Cancer Cell Lines by Antimicrobial Compounds from Antarctic Streptomyces fildesensis (INACH3013)

• Published in: Fermentation
• Main Authors: David Astudillo-Barraza, Romulo Oses, Carlos Henríquez-Castillo, Clemente Michael Vui Ling Wong, José M. Pérez-Donoso, Cristina Purcarea, Heidge Fukumasu, Natalia Fierro-Vásquez, Pablo A. Pérez, Paris Lavin
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023
• Subjects: Streptomyces fildesensis; cytotoxic; antimicrobial; anticancer; apoptosis; mitochondrial membrane permeability; caspases; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9020129

The Antarctic Streptomyces fildesensis has been recognized for its production of antimicrobial compounds with interesting biological activities against foodborne bacteria and multi-resistant strains, but not for its potential antiproliferative activity and mechanisms involved. Two bioactive ethyl acetate extract (EAE) fractions were purified via thin-layer chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), showing that orange-colored compounds displayed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria even after shock thermal treatment. The UV–VIS features of the active compounds, the TLC assay with actinomycin-D pure standard, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and the ANTISMASH analysis support the presence of actinomycin-like compounds. We demonstrated that S. fildesensis displays antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, including human breast cancer (MCF-7), prostate cancer (PC-3), colon cancer (HT-29) and non-tumoral colon epithelial cells (CoN). The half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) ranged from 3.98 µg/mL to 0.1 µg/mL. Our results reveal that actinomycin-like compounds of S. fildesensis induced apoptosis mediated by caspase activation, decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential and altering the cell morphology in all tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines analyzed. These findings confirm the potential of the psychrotolerant Antarctic S. fildesensis species as a promising source for obtaining potential novel anticancer compounds.