Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers
Phytoplankton and zooplankton are key marine components that play an important role in metal distribution through a food web transfer. An increased phytoplankton concentration as a result of ocean acidification and warming are well-established, along with the fact that phytoplankton biomagnify 210Po...
Published in: | Toxics |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2305-6304/11/1/14/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2305-6304/11/1/14/ 2023-08-20T04:08:54+02:00 Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers Montaha Behbehani Saif Uddin Sam Dupont Scott W. Fowler Aysun U. Gorgun Yousef Al-Enezi Lamya Al-Musallam Vanitha V. Kumar Mohammad Faizuddin agris 2022-12-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Metals and Radioactive Substances https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Toxics; Volume 11; Issue 1; Pages: 14 phytoplankton zooplankton ocean acidification bioaccumulation fecal pellets Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 2023-08-01T07:57:05Z Phytoplankton and zooplankton are key marine components that play an important role in metal distribution through a food web transfer. An increased phytoplankton concentration as a result of ocean acidification and warming are well-established, along with the fact that phytoplankton biomagnify 210Po by 3–4 orders of magnitude compared to the seawater concentration. This experimental study is carried out to better understand the transfer of polonium between primary producers and consumers. The experimental produced data highlight the complex interaction between the polonium concentration in zooplankton food, i.e. phytoplankton, its excretion via defecated fecal pellets, and its bioaccumulation at ambient seawater pH and a lower pH of 7.7, typical of ocean acidification scenarios in the open ocean. The mass of copepods recovered was 11% less: 7.7 pH compared to 8.2. The effects of copepod species (n = 3), microalgae species (n = 3), pH (n = 2), and time (n = 4) on the polonium activity in the fecal pellets (expressed as % of the total activity introduced through feeding) was tested using an ANOVA 4. With the exception of time (model: F20, 215 = 176.84, p < 0.001; time: F3 = 1.76, p = 0.16), all tested parameters had an impact on the polonium activity (copepod species: F2 = 169.15, p < 0.0001; algae species: F2 = 10.21, p < 0.0001; pH: F1 = 9.85, p = 0.002) with complex interactions (copepod x algae: F2 = 19.48, p < 0.0001; copepod x pH: F2 = 10.54, p < 0.0001; algae x pH: F2 = 4.87, p = 0.009). The experimental data underpin the hypothesis that metal bioavailability and bioaccumulation will be enhanced in secondary consumers such as crustacean zooplankton due to ocean acidification. Text Ocean acidification Copepods MDPI Open Access Publishing Toxics 11 1 14 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
phytoplankton zooplankton ocean acidification bioaccumulation fecal pellets |
spellingShingle |
phytoplankton zooplankton ocean acidification bioaccumulation fecal pellets Montaha Behbehani Saif Uddin Sam Dupont Scott W. Fowler Aysun U. Gorgun Yousef Al-Enezi Lamya Al-Musallam Vanitha V. Kumar Mohammad Faizuddin Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
topic_facet |
phytoplankton zooplankton ocean acidification bioaccumulation fecal pellets |
description |
Phytoplankton and zooplankton are key marine components that play an important role in metal distribution through a food web transfer. An increased phytoplankton concentration as a result of ocean acidification and warming are well-established, along with the fact that phytoplankton biomagnify 210Po by 3–4 orders of magnitude compared to the seawater concentration. This experimental study is carried out to better understand the transfer of polonium between primary producers and consumers. The experimental produced data highlight the complex interaction between the polonium concentration in zooplankton food, i.e. phytoplankton, its excretion via defecated fecal pellets, and its bioaccumulation at ambient seawater pH and a lower pH of 7.7, typical of ocean acidification scenarios in the open ocean. The mass of copepods recovered was 11% less: 7.7 pH compared to 8.2. The effects of copepod species (n = 3), microalgae species (n = 3), pH (n = 2), and time (n = 4) on the polonium activity in the fecal pellets (expressed as % of the total activity introduced through feeding) was tested using an ANOVA 4. With the exception of time (model: F20, 215 = 176.84, p < 0.001; time: F3 = 1.76, p = 0.16), all tested parameters had an impact on the polonium activity (copepod species: F2 = 169.15, p < 0.0001; algae species: F2 = 10.21, p < 0.0001; pH: F1 = 9.85, p = 0.002) with complex interactions (copepod x algae: F2 = 19.48, p < 0.0001; copepod x pH: F2 = 10.54, p < 0.0001; algae x pH: F2 = 4.87, p = 0.009). The experimental data underpin the hypothesis that metal bioavailability and bioaccumulation will be enhanced in secondary consumers such as crustacean zooplankton due to ocean acidification. |
format |
Text |
author |
Montaha Behbehani Saif Uddin Sam Dupont Scott W. Fowler Aysun U. Gorgun Yousef Al-Enezi Lamya Al-Musallam Vanitha V. Kumar Mohammad Faizuddin |
author_facet |
Montaha Behbehani Saif Uddin Sam Dupont Scott W. Fowler Aysun U. Gorgun Yousef Al-Enezi Lamya Al-Musallam Vanitha V. Kumar Mohammad Faizuddin |
author_sort |
Montaha Behbehani |
title |
Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
title_short |
Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
title_full |
Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
title_fullStr |
Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean Acidification-Mediated Food Chain Transfer of Polonium between Primary Producers and Consumers |
title_sort |
ocean acidification-mediated food chain transfer of polonium between primary producers and consumers |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Ocean acidification Copepods |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification Copepods |
op_source |
Toxics; Volume 11; Issue 1; Pages: 14 |
op_relation |
Metals and Radioactive Substances https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11010014 |
container_title |
Toxics |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
14 |
_version_ |
1774721483098030080 |