Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome
We investigated the biogeography of Stigmaphyllon, the second-largest lianescent genus of Malpighiaceae, as a model genus to reconstruct the age and biogeographic history of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (BAF). Few studies to date have focused on the tertiary diversification of plant lineages in...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2223-7747/9/11/1569/ 2023-08-20T04:02:26+02:00 Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome Rafael Felipe de Almeida Cássio van den Berg agris 2020-11-13 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Plant Systematics, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Classification https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Plants; Volume 9; Issue 11; Pages: 1569 ancestral area reconstruction Atlantic rainforest time-calibrated phylogenies Malpighiales neotropical flora Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 2023-08-01T00:27:46Z We investigated the biogeography of Stigmaphyllon, the second-largest lianescent genus of Malpighiaceae, as a model genus to reconstruct the age and biogeographic history of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (BAF). Few studies to date have focused on the tertiary diversification of plant lineages in the BAFs, especially on Stigmaphyllon. Phylogenetic relationships for 24 species of Stigmaphyllon (18 ssp. From the Atlantic forest (out of 31 spp.), three spp. from the Amazon Rainforest, two spp. from the Caatinga biome, and a single species from the Cerrado biome) were inferred based on one nuclear DNA (PHYC) and two ribosomal DNA (ETS, ITS) regions using parsimony and Bayesian methods. A time-calibrated phylogenetic tree for ancestral area reconstructions was additionally generated, coupled with a meta-analysis of vascular plant lineages diversified in the BAFs. Our results show that: (1) Stigmaphyllon is monophyletic, but its subgenera are paraphyletic; (2) the most recent common ancestor of Stigmaphyllon originated in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest/Caatinga region in Northeastern Brazil ca. 26.0 Mya; (3) the genus colonized the Amazon Rainforest at two different times (ca. 22.0 and 6.0 Mya), the Caatinga biome at least four other times (ca. 14.0, 9.0, 7.0, and 1.0 Mya), the Cerrado biome a single time (ca. 15.0 Mya), and the Southern Atlantic Rainforests five times (from 26.0 to 9.0 Mya); (4) a history of at least seven expansion events connecting the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest to other biomes from 26.0 to 9.0 Mya, and (5) a single dispersion event from South America to Southeastern Asia and Oceania at 22.0 Mya via Antarctica was proposed. Compared to a meta-analysis of time-calibrated phylogenies for 64 lineages of vascular plants diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests, our results point to a late Eocene origin for this megadiverse biome. Text Antarc* Antarctica MDPI Open Access Publishing Plants 9 11 1569 |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
ancestral area reconstruction Atlantic rainforest time-calibrated phylogenies Malpighiales neotropical flora |
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ancestral area reconstruction Atlantic rainforest time-calibrated phylogenies Malpighiales neotropical flora Rafael Felipe de Almeida Cássio van den Berg Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
topic_facet |
ancestral area reconstruction Atlantic rainforest time-calibrated phylogenies Malpighiales neotropical flora |
description |
We investigated the biogeography of Stigmaphyllon, the second-largest lianescent genus of Malpighiaceae, as a model genus to reconstruct the age and biogeographic history of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (BAF). Few studies to date have focused on the tertiary diversification of plant lineages in the BAFs, especially on Stigmaphyllon. Phylogenetic relationships for 24 species of Stigmaphyllon (18 ssp. From the Atlantic forest (out of 31 spp.), three spp. from the Amazon Rainforest, two spp. from the Caatinga biome, and a single species from the Cerrado biome) were inferred based on one nuclear DNA (PHYC) and two ribosomal DNA (ETS, ITS) regions using parsimony and Bayesian methods. A time-calibrated phylogenetic tree for ancestral area reconstructions was additionally generated, coupled with a meta-analysis of vascular plant lineages diversified in the BAFs. Our results show that: (1) Stigmaphyllon is monophyletic, but its subgenera are paraphyletic; (2) the most recent common ancestor of Stigmaphyllon originated in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest/Caatinga region in Northeastern Brazil ca. 26.0 Mya; (3) the genus colonized the Amazon Rainforest at two different times (ca. 22.0 and 6.0 Mya), the Caatinga biome at least four other times (ca. 14.0, 9.0, 7.0, and 1.0 Mya), the Cerrado biome a single time (ca. 15.0 Mya), and the Southern Atlantic Rainforests five times (from 26.0 to 9.0 Mya); (4) a history of at least seven expansion events connecting the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest to other biomes from 26.0 to 9.0 Mya, and (5) a single dispersion event from South America to Southeastern Asia and Oceania at 22.0 Mya via Antarctica was proposed. Compared to a meta-analysis of time-calibrated phylogenies for 64 lineages of vascular plants diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests, our results point to a late Eocene origin for this megadiverse biome. |
format |
Text |
author |
Rafael Felipe de Almeida Cássio van den Berg |
author_facet |
Rafael Felipe de Almeida Cássio van den Berg |
author_sort |
Rafael Felipe de Almeida |
title |
Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
title_short |
Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
title_full |
Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
title_fullStr |
Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeography of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome |
title_sort |
biogeography of stigmaphyllon (malpighiaceae) and a meta-analysis of vascular plant lineages diversified in the brazilian atlantic rainforests point to the late eocene origins of this megadiverse biome |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Plants; Volume 9; Issue 11; Pages: 1569 |
op_relation |
Plant Systematics, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Classification https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111569 |
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Plants |
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11 |
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