Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.)
Expansion of land-based systems in fish farms elevate the content of metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the water. High CO2 is suggested to increase the bone mineral content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.). Conversely, low dietary phosphorus (P) halts bone mineralization. This study examines if...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2218-273X/13/4/663/ 2023-08-20T04:05:12+02:00 Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) Lucia Drábiková Per Gunnar Fjelldal Muhammad Naveed Yousaf Thea Morken Adelbert De Clercq Charles McGurk Paul Eckhard Witten agris 2023-04-10 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Molecular Biology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Biomolecules; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 663 CO 2 dietary phosphorus bone mineralization Atlantic salmon skeleton fgf23 Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 2023-08-01T09:38:18Z Expansion of land-based systems in fish farms elevate the content of metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the water. High CO2 is suggested to increase the bone mineral content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.). Conversely, low dietary phosphorus (P) halts bone mineralization. This study examines if high CO2 can counteract reduced bone mineralization imposed by low dietary P intake. Atlantic salmon post-seawater transfer (initial weight 207.03 g) were fed diets containing 6.3 g/kg (0.5P), 9.0 g/kg (1P), or 26.8 g/kg (3P) total P for 13 weeks. Atlantic salmon from all dietary P groups were reared in seawater which was not injected with CO2 and contained a regular CO2 level (5 mg/L) or in seawater with injected CO2 thus raising the level to 20 mg/L. Atlantic salmon were analyzed for blood chemistry, bone mineral content, vertebral centra deformities, mechanical properties, bone matrix alterations, expression of bone mineralization, and P metabolism-related genes. High CO2 and high P reduced Atlantic salmon growth and feed intake. High CO2 increased bone mineralization when dietary P was low. Atlantic salmon fed with a low P diet downregulated the fgf23 expression in bone cells indicating an increased renal phosphate reabsorption. The current results suggest that reduced dietary P could be sufficient to maintain bone mineralization under conditions of elevated CO2. This opens up a possibility for lowering the dietary P content under certain farming conditions. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar MDPI Open Access Publishing Biomolecules 13 4 663 |
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English |
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CO 2 dietary phosphorus bone mineralization Atlantic salmon skeleton fgf23 |
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CO 2 dietary phosphorus bone mineralization Atlantic salmon skeleton fgf23 Lucia Drábiková Per Gunnar Fjelldal Muhammad Naveed Yousaf Thea Morken Adelbert De Clercq Charles McGurk Paul Eckhard Witten Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
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CO 2 dietary phosphorus bone mineralization Atlantic salmon skeleton fgf23 |
description |
Expansion of land-based systems in fish farms elevate the content of metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the water. High CO2 is suggested to increase the bone mineral content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.). Conversely, low dietary phosphorus (P) halts bone mineralization. This study examines if high CO2 can counteract reduced bone mineralization imposed by low dietary P intake. Atlantic salmon post-seawater transfer (initial weight 207.03 g) were fed diets containing 6.3 g/kg (0.5P), 9.0 g/kg (1P), or 26.8 g/kg (3P) total P for 13 weeks. Atlantic salmon from all dietary P groups were reared in seawater which was not injected with CO2 and contained a regular CO2 level (5 mg/L) or in seawater with injected CO2 thus raising the level to 20 mg/L. Atlantic salmon were analyzed for blood chemistry, bone mineral content, vertebral centra deformities, mechanical properties, bone matrix alterations, expression of bone mineralization, and P metabolism-related genes. High CO2 and high P reduced Atlantic salmon growth and feed intake. High CO2 increased bone mineralization when dietary P was low. Atlantic salmon fed with a low P diet downregulated the fgf23 expression in bone cells indicating an increased renal phosphate reabsorption. The current results suggest that reduced dietary P could be sufficient to maintain bone mineralization under conditions of elevated CO2. This opens up a possibility for lowering the dietary P content under certain farming conditions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Lucia Drábiková Per Gunnar Fjelldal Muhammad Naveed Yousaf Thea Morken Adelbert De Clercq Charles McGurk Paul Eckhard Witten |
author_facet |
Lucia Drábiková Per Gunnar Fjelldal Muhammad Naveed Yousaf Thea Morken Adelbert De Clercq Charles McGurk Paul Eckhard Witten |
author_sort |
Lucia Drábiková |
title |
Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_short |
Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_full |
Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_fullStr |
Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Elevated Water CO2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_sort |
elevated water co2 can prevent dietary-induced osteomalacia in post-smolt atlantic salmon (salmo salar, l.) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Biomolecules; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 663 |
op_relation |
Molecular Biology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040663 |
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Biomolecules |
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13 |
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4 |
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663 |
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