Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions
Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 |
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/9/8/830/ 2023-08-20T04:06:53+02:00 Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell agris 2021-07-30 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Marine Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 8; Pages: 830 sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 2023-08-01T02:19:50Z Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR were also obtained. Spectral distributions of upwelling and downwelling irradiances were similar except for reduced intensities in the UV, the red, and NIR parts of the spectrum when the ice was snow-covered. Upwelling PAR amounted to about 10% of downwelling intensities, giving 5.1 µmol photons m−2 s−1 at the bottom of the ice with a snow cover and 8.2 µmol photons m−2 s−1 without. PAR partitioning analyses showed that the upwelling was related to scattering by suspended particles in the water column. A snow melt increased under-ice daily maximum downwelling PAR from 50 to 180 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and overall under-ice PAR of 55 and 198 µmol photons m−2 s−1 with 10% upwelling. It is concluded that upwelling PAR below sea ice might be an important factor regarding sea ice algae photophysiology and performance with a 10% higher PAR; specifically when PAR > Ek the light saturation point of the sea ice algae. Text Greenland ice algae Sea ice MDPI Open Access Publishing Greenland Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 8 830 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland |
spellingShingle |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
topic_facet |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland |
description |
Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR were also obtained. Spectral distributions of upwelling and downwelling irradiances were similar except for reduced intensities in the UV, the red, and NIR parts of the spectrum when the ice was snow-covered. Upwelling PAR amounted to about 10% of downwelling intensities, giving 5.1 µmol photons m−2 s−1 at the bottom of the ice with a snow cover and 8.2 µmol photons m−2 s−1 without. PAR partitioning analyses showed that the upwelling was related to scattering by suspended particles in the water column. A snow melt increased under-ice daily maximum downwelling PAR from 50 to 180 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and overall under-ice PAR of 55 and 198 µmol photons m−2 s−1 with 10% upwelling. It is concluded that upwelling PAR below sea ice might be an important factor regarding sea ice algae photophysiology and performance with a 10% higher PAR; specifically when PAR > Ek the light saturation point of the sea ice algae. |
format |
Text |
author |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell |
author_facet |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell |
author_sort |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen |
title |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_short |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_full |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_fullStr |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_sort |
upwelling irradiance below sea ice—par intensities and spectral distributions |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 8; Pages: 830 |
op_relation |
Marine Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
830 |
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1774718246230949888 |