Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics
We developed and deployed two inertial measurement units on mobile pack ice during a U.S. Navy drifting ice campaign in the Beaufort Sea. The ice camp was more than 1000 km from the nearest open water. The sensors were stationed on thick (>1 m) first- and multi–year ice to record 3-D acceleration...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/9/5/471/ 2023-08-20T04:05:33+02:00 Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics Mark A. Johnson Aleksey V. Marchenko Dyre O. Dammann Andrew R. Mahoney agris 2021-04-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Physical Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 5; Pages: 471 sea ice flexural-gravity waves inertial motion units Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 2023-08-01T01:35:59Z We developed and deployed two inertial measurement units on mobile pack ice during a U.S. Navy drifting ice campaign in the Beaufort Sea. The ice camp was more than 1000 km from the nearest open water. The sensors were stationed on thick (>1 m) first- and multi–year ice to record 3-D accelerations at 10 Hz for one week during March 2020. During this time, gale-force winds exceeded 21 m per second for several hours during two separate wind events and reached a maximum of 25 m per second. Our observations show similar sets of wave bands were excited during both wind events. One band was centered on a period of ~14 s. Another band arrived several hours later and was centered on ~3.5-s. We find that the observed wave bands match a model dispersion curve for flexural gravity waves in ~1.2-m ice with a Young’s modulus of 3.5 GPa under compressive stresses of ~0.3 MPa. We further evaluate the bending stress and load cycles of the individual wave bands and their potential role in break-up of sea ice. This work demonstrates how observations of waves in sea ice using these and similar sensors can potentially be a valuable field-based tool for evaluating ice mechanics. In particular, this approach can be used to observe and describe the combined mechanical behavior of consolidated floes relevant for understanding sea ice mechanical processes and model development. Text Beaufort Sea Sea ice MDPI Open Access Publishing Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 5 471 |
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Open Polar |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice flexural-gravity waves inertial motion units |
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sea ice flexural-gravity waves inertial motion units Mark A. Johnson Aleksey V. Marchenko Dyre O. Dammann Andrew R. Mahoney Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
topic_facet |
sea ice flexural-gravity waves inertial motion units |
description |
We developed and deployed two inertial measurement units on mobile pack ice during a U.S. Navy drifting ice campaign in the Beaufort Sea. The ice camp was more than 1000 km from the nearest open water. The sensors were stationed on thick (>1 m) first- and multi–year ice to record 3-D accelerations at 10 Hz for one week during March 2020. During this time, gale-force winds exceeded 21 m per second for several hours during two separate wind events and reached a maximum of 25 m per second. Our observations show similar sets of wave bands were excited during both wind events. One band was centered on a period of ~14 s. Another band arrived several hours later and was centered on ~3.5-s. We find that the observed wave bands match a model dispersion curve for flexural gravity waves in ~1.2-m ice with a Young’s modulus of 3.5 GPa under compressive stresses of ~0.3 MPa. We further evaluate the bending stress and load cycles of the individual wave bands and their potential role in break-up of sea ice. This work demonstrates how observations of waves in sea ice using these and similar sensors can potentially be a valuable field-based tool for evaluating ice mechanics. In particular, this approach can be used to observe and describe the combined mechanical behavior of consolidated floes relevant for understanding sea ice mechanical processes and model development. |
format |
Text |
author |
Mark A. Johnson Aleksey V. Marchenko Dyre O. Dammann Andrew R. Mahoney |
author_facet |
Mark A. Johnson Aleksey V. Marchenko Dyre O. Dammann Andrew R. Mahoney |
author_sort |
Mark A. Johnson |
title |
Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
title_short |
Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
title_full |
Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
title_fullStr |
Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observing Wind-Forced Flexural-Gravity Waves in the Beaufort Sea and Their Relationship to Sea Ice Mechanics |
title_sort |
observing wind-forced flexural-gravity waves in the beaufort sea and their relationship to sea ice mechanics |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Beaufort Sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Beaufort Sea Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 5; Pages: 471 |
op_relation |
Physical Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050471 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
471 |
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1774716096186679296 |