An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine
In the background of global warming and climate change, nuisance flooding is only caused by astronomical tides, which could be modulated by the nodal cycle. Therefore, much attention should be paid to the variation in the amplitude of the nodal cycle. In this paper, we utilize the enhanced harmonic...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/9/12/1362/ 2023-08-20T04:08:23+02:00 An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine Xiaolong Zong Ruzhen Zhang Shuwen Zhang Fangjing Deng Wei Zhou Zhaoyun Chen agris 2021-12-02 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Physical Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 12; Pages: 1362 tidal nodal cycle enhanced harmonic analysis sea-level rise 8.85-year cycle 4.42-year cycle Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 2023-08-01T03:26:07Z In the background of global warming and climate change, nuisance flooding is only caused by astronomical tides, which could be modulated by the nodal cycle. Therefore, much attention should be paid to the variation in the amplitude of the nodal cycle. In this paper, we utilize the enhanced harmonic analysis method and the independent point scheme to obtain the time-dependent amplitudes of the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide and the 4.42-year cycle of 2N2 tide based on water level records of four tide gauges in the Gulf of Maine. Results indicate that the long-term trends of N2 and 2N2 tides vary spatially, which may be affected by the sea-level rise, coastal defenses, and other possible climate-related mechanisms. The comparison between Halifax and Eastport reveals that the topography greatly influences the amplitudes of those cycles. Moreover, a quasi 20-year oscillation is obvious in the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide. This oscillation probably relates to a 20-year mode in the North Atlantic Ocean. Text North Atlantic MDPI Open Access Publishing Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 12 1362 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
tidal nodal cycle enhanced harmonic analysis sea-level rise 8.85-year cycle 4.42-year cycle |
spellingShingle |
tidal nodal cycle enhanced harmonic analysis sea-level rise 8.85-year cycle 4.42-year cycle Xiaolong Zong Ruzhen Zhang Shuwen Zhang Fangjing Deng Wei Zhou Zhaoyun Chen An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
topic_facet |
tidal nodal cycle enhanced harmonic analysis sea-level rise 8.85-year cycle 4.42-year cycle |
description |
In the background of global warming and climate change, nuisance flooding is only caused by astronomical tides, which could be modulated by the nodal cycle. Therefore, much attention should be paid to the variation in the amplitude of the nodal cycle. In this paper, we utilize the enhanced harmonic analysis method and the independent point scheme to obtain the time-dependent amplitudes of the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide and the 4.42-year cycle of 2N2 tide based on water level records of four tide gauges in the Gulf of Maine. Results indicate that the long-term trends of N2 and 2N2 tides vary spatially, which may be affected by the sea-level rise, coastal defenses, and other possible climate-related mechanisms. The comparison between Halifax and Eastport reveals that the topography greatly influences the amplitudes of those cycles. Moreover, a quasi 20-year oscillation is obvious in the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide. This oscillation probably relates to a 20-year mode in the North Atlantic Ocean. |
format |
Text |
author |
Xiaolong Zong Ruzhen Zhang Shuwen Zhang Fangjing Deng Wei Zhou Zhaoyun Chen |
author_facet |
Xiaolong Zong Ruzhen Zhang Shuwen Zhang Fangjing Deng Wei Zhou Zhaoyun Chen |
author_sort |
Xiaolong Zong |
title |
An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
title_short |
An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
title_full |
An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
title_fullStr |
An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine |
title_sort |
analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-year cycles in the gulf of maine |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 12; Pages: 1362 |
op_relation |
Physical Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121362 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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9 |
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12 |
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1362 |
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1774720628008419328 |