Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/9/11/1177/ 2023-08-20T04:03:40+02:00 Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li agris 2021-10-26 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Marine Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 11; Pages: 1177 Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 2023-08-01T03:04:10Z Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined with the Arctic summer sea level pressure, wind field, temperature, temperature anomaly, ice age, and sea ice movement data to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the Northeast Passage (NEP) of the Arctic in Summer in three hot years, and summarizes the causes of sea ice anomalies. The results show that: (1) the summer Arctic sea ice extent in 2016, 2019 and 2020 were all lower than the multi-year average sea ice extent, and the summer sea ice extent in 2020 had the largest change trend; (2) in October of these three years, the sea ice was all negative anomalies, extending the opening time of the NEP; (3) when the sea ice concentration was 30% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from mid-August to late October, 2019 was from the beginning of August to mid-October, 2020 was from the end of July to the end of October, and 2020 was the longest year since the opening of the NEP; (4) when the sea ice concentration was 10% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from the end of August to the end of October, 2019 was from early August to mid-October, and 2020 was from the beginning of August to the end of October; (5) the key navigable areas of the NEP in the past three years were the central waters of the East Siberian Sea, the New Siberian Islands and the Vilkitsky Strait; (6) the navigation period of the NEP in 2016, 2019 and 2020 was longer. The main reasons were that the temperature of the NEP in the past 3 years was relatively high, the wind was weak, the sea ice movement had little effect, and the sea ice age in the key navigable areas was first year ice, which was easy to melt, which greatly promoted the opening of the NEP. Text Arctic East Siberian Sea New Siberian Islands Northeast Passage Sea ice MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic East Siberian Sea ENVELOPE(166.000,166.000,74.000,74.000) New Siberian Islands ENVELOPE(142.000,142.000,75.000,75.000) Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 11 1177 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice |
spellingShingle |
Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
topic_facet |
Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice |
description |
Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined with the Arctic summer sea level pressure, wind field, temperature, temperature anomaly, ice age, and sea ice movement data to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the Northeast Passage (NEP) of the Arctic in Summer in three hot years, and summarizes the causes of sea ice anomalies. The results show that: (1) the summer Arctic sea ice extent in 2016, 2019 and 2020 were all lower than the multi-year average sea ice extent, and the summer sea ice extent in 2020 had the largest change trend; (2) in October of these three years, the sea ice was all negative anomalies, extending the opening time of the NEP; (3) when the sea ice concentration was 30% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from mid-August to late October, 2019 was from the beginning of August to mid-October, 2020 was from the end of July to the end of October, and 2020 was the longest year since the opening of the NEP; (4) when the sea ice concentration was 10% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from the end of August to the end of October, 2019 was from early August to mid-October, and 2020 was from the beginning of August to the end of October; (5) the key navigable areas of the NEP in the past three years were the central waters of the East Siberian Sea, the New Siberian Islands and the Vilkitsky Strait; (6) the navigation period of the NEP in 2016, 2019 and 2020 was longer. The main reasons were that the temperature of the NEP in the past 3 years was relatively high, the wind was weak, the sea ice movement had little effect, and the sea ice age in the key navigable areas was first year ice, which was easy to melt, which greatly promoted the opening of the NEP. |
format |
Text |
author |
Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li |
author_facet |
Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li |
author_sort |
Guochong Liu |
title |
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
title_short |
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
title_full |
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years |
title_sort |
analysis of the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the nep of the arctic in summer in hot years |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.000,166.000,74.000,74.000) ENVELOPE(142.000,142.000,75.000,75.000) |
geographic |
Arctic East Siberian Sea New Siberian Islands |
geographic_facet |
Arctic East Siberian Sea New Siberian Islands |
genre |
Arctic East Siberian Sea New Siberian Islands Northeast Passage Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic East Siberian Sea New Siberian Islands Northeast Passage Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 9; Issue 11; Pages: 1177 |
op_relation |
Marine Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111177 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
1177 |
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1774714107343142912 |