Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands)
Svalbard archipelago is experiencing the effects of climate changes (i.e., glaciers’ thickness reduction and glacier front retreat), but how ice melting affects water biogeochemistry is still unknown. Microbial communities often act as environmental sentinels, modulating their distribution and activ...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/8/10/824/ 2023-08-20T04:04:55+02:00 Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) Gabriella Caruso Alice Madonia Simone Bonamano Stefano Miserocchi Federico Giglio Giovanna Maimone Filippo Azzaro Franco Decembrini Rosabruna La Ferla Viviana Piermattei Daniele Piazzolla Marco Marcelli Maurizio Azzaro agris 2020-10-21 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Marine Biology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 8; Issue 10; Pages: 824 environmental changes microbial communities microbial response Svalbard Islands Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 2023-08-01T00:19:17Z Svalbard archipelago is experiencing the effects of climate changes (i.e., glaciers’ thickness reduction and glacier front retreat), but how ice melting affects water biogeochemistry is still unknown. Microbial communities often act as environmental sentinels, modulating their distribution and activity in response to environmental variability. To assess microbial response to climate warming, within the ARctic: present Climatic change and pAst extreme events (ARCA) project, a survey was carried out along a transect in Konsfjorden from off-shore stations towards the Kronebreen glacier. Total bacterial abundance and the fraction of actively respiring cells (labelled by cyanotetrazolium chloride, CTC), cultivable heterotrophic bacterial abundance, and extracellular enzymatic activities (leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), beta-glucosidase (GLU), and alkaline phosphatase (AP)) were measured. In addition, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended matter (TSM), particulate and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and inorganic compounds were determined, in order to evaluate whether variations in microbial abundance and metabolism were related with changes in environmental variables. Colder waters at surface (3.5–5 m) depths and increased turbidity, TSM, and inorganic compounds found at some hydrological stations close to the glacier were signals of ice melting. CDOM absorption slope values (275–295 nm) varied from 0.0077 to 0.0109 nm−1, and total bacterial cell count and cultivable heterotrophic bacterial abundance were in the order of 106 cells/mL and 103 colony forming units/mL, respectively. Enzymatic rates <1.78, 1.25, and 0.25 nmol/L/h were recorded for AP, LAP, and GLU, respectively. Inorganic compounds, TSM, and turbidity correlated inversely with temperature; AP was significantly related with CDOM absorption spectra and heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.59, 0.71, p < 0.05); and LAP with Chl-a, Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Particulate Organic ... Text Arctic glacier Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Svalbard MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Kronebreen ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8 10 824 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
environmental changes microbial communities microbial response Svalbard Islands |
spellingShingle |
environmental changes microbial communities microbial response Svalbard Islands Gabriella Caruso Alice Madonia Simone Bonamano Stefano Miserocchi Federico Giglio Giovanna Maimone Filippo Azzaro Franco Decembrini Rosabruna La Ferla Viviana Piermattei Daniele Piazzolla Marco Marcelli Maurizio Azzaro Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
topic_facet |
environmental changes microbial communities microbial response Svalbard Islands |
description |
Svalbard archipelago is experiencing the effects of climate changes (i.e., glaciers’ thickness reduction and glacier front retreat), but how ice melting affects water biogeochemistry is still unknown. Microbial communities often act as environmental sentinels, modulating their distribution and activity in response to environmental variability. To assess microbial response to climate warming, within the ARctic: present Climatic change and pAst extreme events (ARCA) project, a survey was carried out along a transect in Konsfjorden from off-shore stations towards the Kronebreen glacier. Total bacterial abundance and the fraction of actively respiring cells (labelled by cyanotetrazolium chloride, CTC), cultivable heterotrophic bacterial abundance, and extracellular enzymatic activities (leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), beta-glucosidase (GLU), and alkaline phosphatase (AP)) were measured. In addition, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended matter (TSM), particulate and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and inorganic compounds were determined, in order to evaluate whether variations in microbial abundance and metabolism were related with changes in environmental variables. Colder waters at surface (3.5–5 m) depths and increased turbidity, TSM, and inorganic compounds found at some hydrological stations close to the glacier were signals of ice melting. CDOM absorption slope values (275–295 nm) varied from 0.0077 to 0.0109 nm−1, and total bacterial cell count and cultivable heterotrophic bacterial abundance were in the order of 106 cells/mL and 103 colony forming units/mL, respectively. Enzymatic rates <1.78, 1.25, and 0.25 nmol/L/h were recorded for AP, LAP, and GLU, respectively. Inorganic compounds, TSM, and turbidity correlated inversely with temperature; AP was significantly related with CDOM absorption spectra and heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.59, 0.71, p < 0.05); and LAP with Chl-a, Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Particulate Organic ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Gabriella Caruso Alice Madonia Simone Bonamano Stefano Miserocchi Federico Giglio Giovanna Maimone Filippo Azzaro Franco Decembrini Rosabruna La Ferla Viviana Piermattei Daniele Piazzolla Marco Marcelli Maurizio Azzaro |
author_facet |
Gabriella Caruso Alice Madonia Simone Bonamano Stefano Miserocchi Federico Giglio Giovanna Maimone Filippo Azzaro Franco Decembrini Rosabruna La Ferla Viviana Piermattei Daniele Piazzolla Marco Marcelli Maurizio Azzaro |
author_sort |
Gabriella Caruso |
title |
Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
title_short |
Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
title_full |
Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
title_fullStr |
Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial Abundance and Enzyme Activity Patterns: Response to Changing Environmental Characteristics along a Transect in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands) |
title_sort |
microbial abundance and enzyme activity patterns: response to changing environmental characteristics along a transect in kongsfjorden (svalbard islands) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Kronebreen |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Kronebreen |
genre |
Arctic glacier Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Svalbard |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 8; Issue 10; Pages: 824 |
op_relation |
Marine Biology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100824 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
824 |
_version_ |
1774715332219371520 |