Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization
Understanding the formation of the coral skeleton has been a common subject uniting various marine and materials study fields. Two main regions dominate coral skeleton growth: Rapid Accretion Deposits (RADs) and Thickening Deposits (TDs). These have been extensively characterized at the 2D level, bu...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/10/3/391/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-1312/10/3/391/ 2023-08-20T04:08:55+02:00 Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization Federica Scucchia Katrein Sauer Paul Zaslansky Tali Mass agris 2022-03-09 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Geological Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 10; Issue 3; Pages: 391 coral reefs coral recruits biomineralization skeletal structure synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT PCE-CT artificial intelligence ocean acidification Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 2023-08-01T04:24:11Z Understanding the formation of the coral skeleton has been a common subject uniting various marine and materials study fields. Two main regions dominate coral skeleton growth: Rapid Accretion Deposits (RADs) and Thickening Deposits (TDs). These have been extensively characterized at the 2D level, but their 3D characteristics are still poorly described. Here, we present an innovative approach to combine synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT (PCE-CT) with artificial intelligence (AI) to explore the 3D architecture of RADs and TDs within the coral skeleton. As a reference study system, we used recruits of the stony coral Stylophora pistillata from the Red Sea, grown under both natural and simulated ocean acidification conditions. We thus studied the recruit’s skeleton under both regular and morphologically-altered acidic conditions. By imaging the corals with PCE-CT, we revealed the interwoven morphologies of RADs and TDs. Deep-learning neural networks were invoked to explore AI segmentation of these regions, to overcome limitations of common segmentation techniques. This analysis yielded highly-detailed 3D information about the RAD’s and TD’s architecture. Our results demonstrate how AI can be used as a powerful tool to obtain 3D data essential for studying coral biomineralization and for exploring the effects of environmental change on coral growth. Text Ocean acidification MDPI Open Access Publishing Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10 3 391 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
coral reefs coral recruits biomineralization skeletal structure synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT PCE-CT artificial intelligence ocean acidification |
spellingShingle |
coral reefs coral recruits biomineralization skeletal structure synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT PCE-CT artificial intelligence ocean acidification Federica Scucchia Katrein Sauer Paul Zaslansky Tali Mass Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
topic_facet |
coral reefs coral recruits biomineralization skeletal structure synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT PCE-CT artificial intelligence ocean acidification |
description |
Understanding the formation of the coral skeleton has been a common subject uniting various marine and materials study fields. Two main regions dominate coral skeleton growth: Rapid Accretion Deposits (RADs) and Thickening Deposits (TDs). These have been extensively characterized at the 2D level, but their 3D characteristics are still poorly described. Here, we present an innovative approach to combine synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT (PCE-CT) with artificial intelligence (AI) to explore the 3D architecture of RADs and TDs within the coral skeleton. As a reference study system, we used recruits of the stony coral Stylophora pistillata from the Red Sea, grown under both natural and simulated ocean acidification conditions. We thus studied the recruit’s skeleton under both regular and morphologically-altered acidic conditions. By imaging the corals with PCE-CT, we revealed the interwoven morphologies of RADs and TDs. Deep-learning neural networks were invoked to explore AI segmentation of these regions, to overcome limitations of common segmentation techniques. This analysis yielded highly-detailed 3D information about the RAD’s and TD’s architecture. Our results demonstrate how AI can be used as a powerful tool to obtain 3D data essential for studying coral biomineralization and for exploring the effects of environmental change on coral growth. |
format |
Text |
author |
Federica Scucchia Katrein Sauer Paul Zaslansky Tali Mass |
author_facet |
Federica Scucchia Katrein Sauer Paul Zaslansky Tali Mass |
author_sort |
Federica Scucchia |
title |
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
title_short |
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
title_full |
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
title_fullStr |
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization |
title_sort |
artificial intelligence as a tool to study the 3d skeletal architecture in newly settled coral recruits: insights into the effects of ocean acidification on coral biomineralization |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering; Volume 10; Issue 3; Pages: 391 |
op_relation |
Geological Oceanography https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030391 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
391 |
_version_ |
1774721515378442240 |