Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol
In this study, three gravity-driven membrane (GDM) reactors with flat sheet membrane modules and various biocarriers (synthetic fibers, lava stones, and sands) were operated for municipal wastewater treatment. The effects of water head, periodically cleaning protocol, and operation temperature on th...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2077-0375/11/6/388/ 2023-08-20T04:07:29+02:00 Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol Ihtisham Ul Haq Shami Bing Wu 2021-05-25 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Membrane Applications https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Membranes; Volume 11; Issue 6; Pages: 388 biocarriers gravity-driven membrane filtration membrane fouling periodical membrane cleaning permeate quality Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 2023-08-01T01:48:11Z In this study, three gravity-driven membrane (GDM) reactors with flat sheet membrane modules and various biocarriers (synthetic fibers, lava stones, and sands) were operated for municipal wastewater treatment. The effects of water head, periodically cleaning protocol, and operation temperature on the GDM reactor performance were illustrated in terms of membrane performance and water quality. The results indicated that: (1) the cake layer fouling was predominant (>~85%), regardless of reactor configuration and operation conditions; (2) under lower water head, variable water head benefited in achieving higher permeate fluxes due to effective relaxation of the compacted cake layers; (3) the short-term chemical cleaning (30–60 min per 3–4 days) improved membrane performance, especially when additional physical shear force was implemented; (4) the lower temperature had negligible effect on the GDM reactors packed with Icelandic lava stones and sands. Furthermore, the wastewater treatment costs of the three GDM reactors were estimated, ranging between 0.31 and 0.37 EUR/m3, which was greatly lower than that of conventional membrane bioreactors under lower population scenarios. This sheds light on the technical and economic feasibility of biocarrier-facilitated GDM systems for decentralized wastewater treatment in Iceland. Text Iceland MDPI Open Access Publishing Membranes 11 6 388 |
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biocarriers gravity-driven membrane filtration membrane fouling periodical membrane cleaning permeate quality |
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biocarriers gravity-driven membrane filtration membrane fouling periodical membrane cleaning permeate quality Ihtisham Ul Haq Shami Bing Wu Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
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biocarriers gravity-driven membrane filtration membrane fouling periodical membrane cleaning permeate quality |
description |
In this study, three gravity-driven membrane (GDM) reactors with flat sheet membrane modules and various biocarriers (synthetic fibers, lava stones, and sands) were operated for municipal wastewater treatment. The effects of water head, periodically cleaning protocol, and operation temperature on the GDM reactor performance were illustrated in terms of membrane performance and water quality. The results indicated that: (1) the cake layer fouling was predominant (>~85%), regardless of reactor configuration and operation conditions; (2) under lower water head, variable water head benefited in achieving higher permeate fluxes due to effective relaxation of the compacted cake layers; (3) the short-term chemical cleaning (30–60 min per 3–4 days) improved membrane performance, especially when additional physical shear force was implemented; (4) the lower temperature had negligible effect on the GDM reactors packed with Icelandic lava stones and sands. Furthermore, the wastewater treatment costs of the three GDM reactors were estimated, ranging between 0.31 and 0.37 EUR/m3, which was greatly lower than that of conventional membrane bioreactors under lower population scenarios. This sheds light on the technical and economic feasibility of biocarrier-facilitated GDM systems for decentralized wastewater treatment in Iceland. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ihtisham Ul Haq Shami Bing Wu |
author_facet |
Ihtisham Ul Haq Shami Bing Wu |
author_sort |
Ihtisham Ul Haq Shami |
title |
Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
title_short |
Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
title_full |
Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
title_fullStr |
Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gravity-Driven Membrane Reactor for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Effect of Reactor Configuration and Cleaning Protocol |
title_sort |
gravity-driven membrane reactor for decentralized wastewater treatment: effect of reactor configuration and cleaning protocol |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Membranes; Volume 11; Issue 6; Pages: 388 |
op_relation |
Membrane Applications https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060388 |
container_title |
Membranes |
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11 |
container_issue |
6 |
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388 |
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1774719138722217984 |