Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils
The Antarctic continent is widely considered to be one of the most hostile biological habitats on Earth. Despite extreme environmental conditions, the ice-free areas of the continent, which constitute some 0.44% of the total continental land area, harbour substantial and diverse communities of macro...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2076-2607/8/9/1442/ 2023-08-20T04:00:29+02:00 Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils Max Ortiz Jason Bosch Clément Coclet Jenny Johnson Pedro Lebre Adeola Salawu-Rotimi Surendra Vikram Thulani Makhalanyane Don Cowan agris 2020-09-21 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Microorganisms; Volume 8; Issue 9; Pages: 1442 N-cycling soils Antarctic diazotrophy anammox ecosystem services bacteria archaea Cyanobacteria Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 2023-08-01T00:08:48Z The Antarctic continent is widely considered to be one of the most hostile biological habitats on Earth. Despite extreme environmental conditions, the ice-free areas of the continent, which constitute some 0.44% of the total continental land area, harbour substantial and diverse communities of macro-organisms and especially microorganisms, particularly in the more “hospitable” maritime regions. In the more extreme non-maritime regions, exemplified by the McMurdo Dry Valleys of South Victoria Land, nutrient cycling and ecosystem servicing processes in soils are largely driven by microbial communities. Nitrogen turnover is a cornerstone of ecosystem servicing. In Antarctic continental soils, specifically those lacking macrophytes, cold-active free-living diazotrophic microorganisms, particularly Cyanobacteria, are keystone taxa. The diazotrophs are complemented by heterotrophic bacterial and archaeal taxa which show the genetic capacity to perform elements of the entire N cycle, including nitrification processes such as the anammox reaction. Here, we review the current literature on nitrogen cycling genes, taxa, processes and rates from studies of Antarctic soils. In particular, we highlight the current gaps in our knowledge of the scale and contribution of these processes in south polar soils as critical data to underpin viable predictions of how such processes may alter under the impacts of future climate change. Text Antarc* Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic The Antarctic Victoria Land McMurdo Dry Valleys Microorganisms 8 9 1442 |
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Open Polar |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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ftmdpi |
language |
English |
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N-cycling soils Antarctic diazotrophy anammox ecosystem services bacteria archaea Cyanobacteria |
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N-cycling soils Antarctic diazotrophy anammox ecosystem services bacteria archaea Cyanobacteria Max Ortiz Jason Bosch Clément Coclet Jenny Johnson Pedro Lebre Adeola Salawu-Rotimi Surendra Vikram Thulani Makhalanyane Don Cowan Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
topic_facet |
N-cycling soils Antarctic diazotrophy anammox ecosystem services bacteria archaea Cyanobacteria |
description |
The Antarctic continent is widely considered to be one of the most hostile biological habitats on Earth. Despite extreme environmental conditions, the ice-free areas of the continent, which constitute some 0.44% of the total continental land area, harbour substantial and diverse communities of macro-organisms and especially microorganisms, particularly in the more “hospitable” maritime regions. In the more extreme non-maritime regions, exemplified by the McMurdo Dry Valleys of South Victoria Land, nutrient cycling and ecosystem servicing processes in soils are largely driven by microbial communities. Nitrogen turnover is a cornerstone of ecosystem servicing. In Antarctic continental soils, specifically those lacking macrophytes, cold-active free-living diazotrophic microorganisms, particularly Cyanobacteria, are keystone taxa. The diazotrophs are complemented by heterotrophic bacterial and archaeal taxa which show the genetic capacity to perform elements of the entire N cycle, including nitrification processes such as the anammox reaction. Here, we review the current literature on nitrogen cycling genes, taxa, processes and rates from studies of Antarctic soils. In particular, we highlight the current gaps in our knowledge of the scale and contribution of these processes in south polar soils as critical data to underpin viable predictions of how such processes may alter under the impacts of future climate change. |
format |
Text |
author |
Max Ortiz Jason Bosch Clément Coclet Jenny Johnson Pedro Lebre Adeola Salawu-Rotimi Surendra Vikram Thulani Makhalanyane Don Cowan |
author_facet |
Max Ortiz Jason Bosch Clément Coclet Jenny Johnson Pedro Lebre Adeola Salawu-Rotimi Surendra Vikram Thulani Makhalanyane Don Cowan |
author_sort |
Max Ortiz |
title |
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
title_short |
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
title_full |
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
title_fullStr |
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils |
title_sort |
microbial nitrogen cycling in antarctic soils |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Victoria Land McMurdo Dry Valleys |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Victoria Land McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
op_source |
Microorganisms; Volume 8; Issue 9; Pages: 1442 |
op_relation |
Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1442 |
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1774718513911431168 |