The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica
Cryoconite holes are oases of microbial diversity on ice surfaces. In contrast to the Arctic, where during the summer most cryoconite holes are ‘open’, in Continental Antarctica they are most often ‘lidded’ or completely frozen year-round. Thus, they represent ideal systems for the study of microbia...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2076-2607/7/6/160/ 2023-08-20T04:00:24+02:00 The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica Stefanie Lutz Lori A. Ziolkowski Liane G. Benning agris 2019-06-01 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Microorganisms; Volume 7; Issue 6; Pages: 160 Cryoconite holes Antarctica high-throughput sequencing bacteria eukaryotes carbon 13 C 14 C Text 2019 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 2023-07-31T22:19:36Z Cryoconite holes are oases of microbial diversity on ice surfaces. In contrast to the Arctic, where during the summer most cryoconite holes are ‘open’, in Continental Antarctica they are most often ‘lidded’ or completely frozen year-round. Thus, they represent ideal systems for the study of microbial community assemblies as well as carbon accumulation, since individual cryoconite holes can be isolated from external inputs for years. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing of the 16S and 18S rRNA genes to describe the bacterial and eukaryotic community compositions in cryoconite holes and surrounding lake, snow, soil and rock samples in Queen Maud Land. We cross correlate our findings with a broad range of geochemical data including for the first time 13C and 14C analyses of Antarctic cryoconites. We show that the geographic location has a larger effect on the distribution of the bacterial community compared to the eukaryotic community. Cryoconite holes are distinct from the local soils in both 13C and 14C and their isotopic composition is different from similar samples from the Arctic. Carbon contents were generally low (≤0.2%) and older (6–10 ky) than the surrounding soils, suggesting that the cryoconite holes are much more isolated from the atmosphere than the soils. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Antarctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land ENVELOPE(12.000,12.000,-72.500,-72.500) Microorganisms 7 6 160 |
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Open Polar |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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English |
topic |
Cryoconite holes Antarctica high-throughput sequencing bacteria eukaryotes carbon 13 C 14 C |
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Cryoconite holes Antarctica high-throughput sequencing bacteria eukaryotes carbon 13 C 14 C Stefanie Lutz Lori A. Ziolkowski Liane G. Benning The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Cryoconite holes Antarctica high-throughput sequencing bacteria eukaryotes carbon 13 C 14 C |
description |
Cryoconite holes are oases of microbial diversity on ice surfaces. In contrast to the Arctic, where during the summer most cryoconite holes are ‘open’, in Continental Antarctica they are most often ‘lidded’ or completely frozen year-round. Thus, they represent ideal systems for the study of microbial community assemblies as well as carbon accumulation, since individual cryoconite holes can be isolated from external inputs for years. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing of the 16S and 18S rRNA genes to describe the bacterial and eukaryotic community compositions in cryoconite holes and surrounding lake, snow, soil and rock samples in Queen Maud Land. We cross correlate our findings with a broad range of geochemical data including for the first time 13C and 14C analyses of Antarctic cryoconites. We show that the geographic location has a larger effect on the distribution of the bacterial community compared to the eukaryotic community. Cryoconite holes are distinct from the local soils in both 13C and 14C and their isotopic composition is different from similar samples from the Arctic. Carbon contents were generally low (≤0.2%) and older (6–10 ky) than the surrounding soils, suggesting that the cryoconite holes are much more isolated from the atmosphere than the soils. |
format |
Text |
author |
Stefanie Lutz Lori A. Ziolkowski Liane G. Benning |
author_facet |
Stefanie Lutz Lori A. Ziolkowski Liane G. Benning |
author_sort |
Stefanie Lutz |
title |
The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
title_short |
The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
title_full |
The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Biodiversity and Geochemistry of Cryoconite Holes in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica |
title_sort |
biodiversity and geochemistry of cryoconite holes in queen maud land, east antarctica |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.000,12.000,-72.500,-72.500) |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Queen Maud Land |
op_source |
Microorganisms; Volume 7; Issue 6; Pages: 160 |
op_relation |
Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060160 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
160 |
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1774718035925401600 |