Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone
Typhulaceae Jülich is one of the cold-adapted fungal families in basidiomycetes. The representative genera, Typhula (Pers.) Fr. and Pistillaria Fr., are distinguished by the discontinuity between stems and hymenia in the former and the continuity in the latter (Fries 1821). This taxonomic criterion...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2076-2607/11/8/2028/ 2023-10-09T21:49:23+02:00 Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone Tamotsu Hoshino Yuka Yajima Yosuke Degawa Atsushi Kume Oleg Tkachenko Naoyuki Matsumoto agris 2023-08-07 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 eng eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Microorganisms Volume 11 Issue 8 Pages: 2028 cryophilic ecophysiology growth temperature life history local climate Pistillaria petasitis Typhula hyperborea Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 2023-09-10T23:53:51Z Typhulaceae Jülich is one of the cold-adapted fungal families in basidiomycetes. The representative genera, Typhula (Pers.) Fr. and Pistillaria Fr., are distinguished by the discontinuity between stems and hymenia in the former and the continuity in the latter (Fries 1821). This taxonomic criterion is ambiguous, and consequently, the view of Karsten (1882) has been widely accepted: Typhula develops basidiomata from sclerotia, while basidiomata develop directly from substrata in Pistillaris. However, Corner (1970) observed basidiomata of Pistillaria petasitis S. Imai developing from sclerotia in Hokkaido, Japan. We later recognized that P. petasitis basidiomata also emerged directly from substrates on the ground in Hokkaido. An aberrant form of Typhula hyperborea H. Ekstr. was found in Upernavik, West Greenland. This specimen had a stem-like structure on a Poaceae plant, and sclerotia developed on its tip. Similar phenomena were found in other Typhula species in Japan. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the life cycle plasticity in the genera Typhula and Pistillaria through the interactions between their ecophysiological potential and environmental conditions in their localities. We collected and prepared strains of the above fungi from sclerotia or basidiomata, and we elucidated the taxonomical relationship and determined the physiological characteristics of our strains. Our findings imply that both Typhula and Pistillaria have the potential to produce sclerotia as well as the capacity for mycelial growth at ambient air temperatures in each locality where samples were collected. These findings suggest that Typhula spp. develope basidiomata not only from the sclerotia dispersed by the basidiospores but also from mycelia generated by the spore germination, which formed basidiomata multiple times, depending on their growth environments. Text Arctic Greenland Upernavik MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Greenland Fries ENVELOPE(156.583,156.583,-80.950,-80.950) Microorganisms 11 8 2028 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
cryophilic ecophysiology growth temperature life history local climate Pistillaria petasitis Typhula hyperborea |
spellingShingle |
cryophilic ecophysiology growth temperature life history local climate Pistillaria petasitis Typhula hyperborea Tamotsu Hoshino Yuka Yajima Yosuke Degawa Atsushi Kume Oleg Tkachenko Naoyuki Matsumoto Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
topic_facet |
cryophilic ecophysiology growth temperature life history local climate Pistillaria petasitis Typhula hyperborea |
description |
Typhulaceae Jülich is one of the cold-adapted fungal families in basidiomycetes. The representative genera, Typhula (Pers.) Fr. and Pistillaria Fr., are distinguished by the discontinuity between stems and hymenia in the former and the continuity in the latter (Fries 1821). This taxonomic criterion is ambiguous, and consequently, the view of Karsten (1882) has been widely accepted: Typhula develops basidiomata from sclerotia, while basidiomata develop directly from substrata in Pistillaris. However, Corner (1970) observed basidiomata of Pistillaria petasitis S. Imai developing from sclerotia in Hokkaido, Japan. We later recognized that P. petasitis basidiomata also emerged directly from substrates on the ground in Hokkaido. An aberrant form of Typhula hyperborea H. Ekstr. was found in Upernavik, West Greenland. This specimen had a stem-like structure on a Poaceae plant, and sclerotia developed on its tip. Similar phenomena were found in other Typhula species in Japan. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the life cycle plasticity in the genera Typhula and Pistillaria through the interactions between their ecophysiological potential and environmental conditions in their localities. We collected and prepared strains of the above fungi from sclerotia or basidiomata, and we elucidated the taxonomical relationship and determined the physiological characteristics of our strains. Our findings imply that both Typhula and Pistillaria have the potential to produce sclerotia as well as the capacity for mycelial growth at ambient air temperatures in each locality where samples were collected. These findings suggest that Typhula spp. develope basidiomata not only from the sclerotia dispersed by the basidiospores but also from mycelia generated by the spore germination, which formed basidiomata multiple times, depending on their growth environments. |
format |
Text |
author |
Tamotsu Hoshino Yuka Yajima Yosuke Degawa Atsushi Kume Oleg Tkachenko Naoyuki Matsumoto |
author_facet |
Tamotsu Hoshino Yuka Yajima Yosuke Degawa Atsushi Kume Oleg Tkachenko Naoyuki Matsumoto |
author_sort |
Tamotsu Hoshino |
title |
Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
title_short |
Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
title_full |
Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
title_fullStr |
Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
title_full_unstemmed |
Life Cycle Plasticity in Typhula and Pistillaria in the Arctic and the Temperate Zone |
title_sort |
life cycle plasticity in typhula and pistillaria in the arctic and the temperate zone |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(156.583,156.583,-80.950,-80.950) |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland Fries |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland Fries |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Upernavik |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Upernavik |
op_source |
Microorganisms Volume 11 Issue 8 Pages: 2028 |
op_relation |
Environmental Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082028 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
2028 |
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1779312409092030464 |