Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
The ladybug Chilocorus kuwanae, which was described in Japan, has been used for biological control of pests for 100 years. Chilocorus kuwanae was recently synonymized with Ch. renipustulatus described in Europe. The synonymy was based on the examination of few specimens. Our aim is to verify this sy...
Published in: | Insects |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-4450/11/6/368/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-4450/11/6/368/ 2023-08-20T04:09:30+02:00 Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Andrzej O. Bieńkowski Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja agris 2020-06-13 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Insect Pest and Vector Management https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Insects; Volume 11; Issue 6; Pages: 368 biocontrol taxonomy morphology beetles ladybirds ladybug Chilocorus Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 2023-07-31T23:38:05Z The ladybug Chilocorus kuwanae, which was described in Japan, has been used for biological control of pests for 100 years. Chilocorus kuwanae was recently synonymized with Ch. renipustulatus described in Europe. The synonymy was based on the examination of few specimens. Our aim is to verify this synonymy. We studied all characters previously used to distinguish these taxa: eight metric and nine qualitative characters. Examination of 107 specimens from Japan and Sakhalin and 174 specimens from Europe showed that the ranges of variability in all characters in Asian and European specimens strongly overlap. There are no characters with interspecific hiatuses. Analysis with Amadon’s criteria showed that Asian and European specimens also do not represent different subspecies. Conclusions: (1) No differences between the specimens from Asia (Japan and Sakhalin) and Europe were found at specific or subspecific levels. Chilocorus kuwanae is a junior synonym of Ch. renipustulatus. (2) The releases of “Chilocorus kuwanae” in Europe and the Caucasus did not represent classical biological control since the same species was native to these regions. (3) A thorough taxonomical revision with the study of morphological variability should be conducted before the introduction of any species to new regions. (4) Taxonomical conclusions based on morphological studies should be confirmed by statistical methods. Text Sakhalin MDPI Open Access Publishing Insects 11 6 368 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
biocontrol taxonomy morphology beetles ladybirds ladybug Chilocorus |
spellingShingle |
biocontrol taxonomy morphology beetles ladybirds ladybug Chilocorus Andrzej O. Bieńkowski Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
topic_facet |
biocontrol taxonomy morphology beetles ladybirds ladybug Chilocorus |
description |
The ladybug Chilocorus kuwanae, which was described in Japan, has been used for biological control of pests for 100 years. Chilocorus kuwanae was recently synonymized with Ch. renipustulatus described in Europe. The synonymy was based on the examination of few specimens. Our aim is to verify this synonymy. We studied all characters previously used to distinguish these taxa: eight metric and nine qualitative characters. Examination of 107 specimens from Japan and Sakhalin and 174 specimens from Europe showed that the ranges of variability in all characters in Asian and European specimens strongly overlap. There are no characters with interspecific hiatuses. Analysis with Amadon’s criteria showed that Asian and European specimens also do not represent different subspecies. Conclusions: (1) No differences between the specimens from Asia (Japan and Sakhalin) and Europe were found at specific or subspecific levels. Chilocorus kuwanae is a junior synonym of Ch. renipustulatus. (2) The releases of “Chilocorus kuwanae” in Europe and the Caucasus did not represent classical biological control since the same species was native to these regions. (3) A thorough taxonomical revision with the study of morphological variability should be conducted before the introduction of any species to new regions. (4) Taxonomical conclusions based on morphological studies should be confirmed by statistical methods. |
format |
Text |
author |
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja |
author_facet |
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja |
author_sort |
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski |
title |
Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
title_short |
Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
title_full |
Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
title_fullStr |
Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rigorous Morphological Studies Confirm That the Classical Object of Pest Control Chilocorus kuwanae Is the Same Species as Ch. renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
title_sort |
rigorous morphological studies confirm that the classical object of pest control chilocorus kuwanae is the same species as ch. renipustulatus (coleoptera: coccinellidae) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Sakhalin |
genre_facet |
Sakhalin |
op_source |
Insects; Volume 11; Issue 6; Pages: 368 |
op_relation |
Insect Pest and Vector Management https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060368 |
container_title |
Insects |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
368 |
_version_ |
1774722498645983232 |