Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean
We explored how changes of viral abundance and community composition among four contrasting regions in the Southern Ocean relied on physicochemical and microbiological traits. During January–February 2015, we visited areas north and south of the South Orkney Islands (NSO and SSO) characterized by lo...
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-1729/10/7/107/ 2023-08-20T04:00:55+02:00 Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean Ana Sotomayor-Garcia Maria Montserrat Sala Isabel Ferrera Marta Estrada Evaristo Vázquez-Domínguez Mikhail Emelianov Pau Cortés Cèlia Marrasé Eva Ortega-Retuerta Sdena Nunes Yaiza M. Castillo Maria Serrano Cuerva Marta Sebastián Manuel Dall’Osto Rafel Simó Dolors Vaqué agris 2020-07-05 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Life; Volume 10; Issue 7; Pages: 107 viral abundance viral community composition prokaryotes phytoplankton environmental variables secondary metabolic compounds Southern Ocean Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 2023-07-31T23:44:00Z We explored how changes of viral abundance and community composition among four contrasting regions in the Southern Ocean relied on physicochemical and microbiological traits. During January–February 2015, we visited areas north and south of the South Orkney Islands (NSO and SSO) characterized by low temperature and salinity and high inorganic nutrient concentration, north of South Georgia Island (NSG) and west of Anvers Island (WA), which have relatively higher temperatures and lower inorganic nutrient concentrations. Surface viral abundance (VA) was highest in NSG (21.50 ± 10.70 × 106 viruses mL−1) and lowest in SSO (2.96 ± 1.48 × 106 viruses mL−1). VA was positively correlated with temperature, prokaryote abundance and prokaryotic heterotrophic production, chlorophyll a, diatoms, haptophytes, fluorescent organic matter, and isoprene concentration, and was negatively correlated with inorganic nutrients (NO3−, SiO42−, PO43−), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations. Viral communities determined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) were grouped according to the sampling location, being more similar within them than among regions. The first two axes of a canonical correspondence analysis, including physicochemical (temperature, salinity, inorganic nutrients—NO3−, SiO42−, and dimethyl sulfoniopropionate -DMSP- and isoprene concentrations) and microbiological (chlorophyll a, haptophytes and diatom, and prokaryote abundance and prokaryotic heterotrophic production) factors accounted for 62.9% of the variance. The first axis, temperature-related, accounted for 33.8%; the second one, salinity-related, accounted for 29.1%. Thus, different environmental situations likely select different hosts for viruses, leading to distinct viral communities. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Anvers Island South Georgia Island South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic Southern Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Ocean South Orkney Islands ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) South Georgia Island ENVELOPE(-36.750,-36.750,-54.250,-54.250) Anvers ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) Anvers Island ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) Life 10 7 107 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
viral abundance viral community composition prokaryotes phytoplankton environmental variables secondary metabolic compounds Southern Ocean Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula |
spellingShingle |
viral abundance viral community composition prokaryotes phytoplankton environmental variables secondary metabolic compounds Southern Ocean Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Ana Sotomayor-Garcia Maria Montserrat Sala Isabel Ferrera Marta Estrada Evaristo Vázquez-Domínguez Mikhail Emelianov Pau Cortés Cèlia Marrasé Eva Ortega-Retuerta Sdena Nunes Yaiza M. Castillo Maria Serrano Cuerva Marta Sebastián Manuel Dall’Osto Rafel Simó Dolors Vaqué Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
viral abundance viral community composition prokaryotes phytoplankton environmental variables secondary metabolic compounds Southern Ocean Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula |
description |
We explored how changes of viral abundance and community composition among four contrasting regions in the Southern Ocean relied on physicochemical and microbiological traits. During January–February 2015, we visited areas north and south of the South Orkney Islands (NSO and SSO) characterized by low temperature and salinity and high inorganic nutrient concentration, north of South Georgia Island (NSG) and west of Anvers Island (WA), which have relatively higher temperatures and lower inorganic nutrient concentrations. Surface viral abundance (VA) was highest in NSG (21.50 ± 10.70 × 106 viruses mL−1) and lowest in SSO (2.96 ± 1.48 × 106 viruses mL−1). VA was positively correlated with temperature, prokaryote abundance and prokaryotic heterotrophic production, chlorophyll a, diatoms, haptophytes, fluorescent organic matter, and isoprene concentration, and was negatively correlated with inorganic nutrients (NO3−, SiO42−, PO43−), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations. Viral communities determined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) were grouped according to the sampling location, being more similar within them than among regions. The first two axes of a canonical correspondence analysis, including physicochemical (temperature, salinity, inorganic nutrients—NO3−, SiO42−, and dimethyl sulfoniopropionate -DMSP- and isoprene concentrations) and microbiological (chlorophyll a, haptophytes and diatom, and prokaryote abundance and prokaryotic heterotrophic production) factors accounted for 62.9% of the variance. The first axis, temperature-related, accounted for 33.8%; the second one, salinity-related, accounted for 29.1%. Thus, different environmental situations likely select different hosts for viruses, leading to distinct viral communities. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ana Sotomayor-Garcia Maria Montserrat Sala Isabel Ferrera Marta Estrada Evaristo Vázquez-Domínguez Mikhail Emelianov Pau Cortés Cèlia Marrasé Eva Ortega-Retuerta Sdena Nunes Yaiza M. Castillo Maria Serrano Cuerva Marta Sebastián Manuel Dall’Osto Rafel Simó Dolors Vaqué |
author_facet |
Ana Sotomayor-Garcia Maria Montserrat Sala Isabel Ferrera Marta Estrada Evaristo Vázquez-Domínguez Mikhail Emelianov Pau Cortés Cèlia Marrasé Eva Ortega-Retuerta Sdena Nunes Yaiza M. Castillo Maria Serrano Cuerva Marta Sebastián Manuel Dall’Osto Rafel Simó Dolors Vaqué |
author_sort |
Ana Sotomayor-Garcia |
title |
Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing Viral Abundance and Community Composition in Four Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
assessing viral abundance and community composition in four contrasting regions of the southern ocean |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) ENVELOPE(-36.750,-36.750,-54.250,-54.250) ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Ocean South Orkney Islands South Georgia Island Anvers Anvers Island |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Ocean South Orkney Islands South Georgia Island Anvers Anvers Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Anvers Island South Georgia Island South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Ocean Antarctic Peninsula Anvers Island South Georgia Island South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Life; Volume 10; Issue 7; Pages: 107 |
op_relation |
Microbiology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/life10070107 |
container_title |
Life |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
107 |
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1774721333992620032 |