The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes
Soil cover of the Earth is faced with intensive polychemical contamination. The pathways of the key pollutants are not investigated enough. Thus, the occasional transportation of soils to remote regions could serve as an informative tool for the elaboration of threshold levels of hazardous materials...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-445X/10/11/1162/ 2023-08-20T04:02:18+02:00 The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes Evgeny Lodygin Evgeny Abakumov Timur Nizamutdinov agris 2021-10-30 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Land; Volume 10; Issue 11; Pages: 1162 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons soil Antarctica PAH isomer ratios Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 2023-08-01T03:06:59Z Soil cover of the Earth is faced with intensive polychemical contamination. The pathways of the key pollutants are not investigated enough. Thus, the occasional transportation of soils to remote regions could serve as an informative tool for the elaboration of threshold levels of hazardous materials concentration. One of the most striking examples of such transboundary impact was the transfer of soils and grounds to the Antarctic stations Russkaya and Leningradskaya (before the implementation of the Madrid Protocol in 1991). Thus, the complex investigation of qualitative and quantitative composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils of various genesis (transported from Eurasia and pristine) of Antarctic have been conducted by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a gradient elution mode. The variability of PAHs content was evaluated across landscapes: pristine (the Hudson Mountains and the Haswell Archipelago), contaminated soils (stations Myrniy, Druzhnaya 4 and Bellinshausen) and unique samples of former agrosoils transported by fly in-fly of polar staff from St. Petersburg to Antarctic for local polar greenhouses in the Soviet times, when it was not strictly prohibited. The selected objects of study allow us to not only estimate the degree of contamination of Antarctic soils and grounds, but to also make it possible to assess the rate of PAH degradation in Antarctic conditions. Both high molecular and low molecular PAHs are accumulated following intense anthropogenic activity (fossil organic fuel combustion). The PAHs pool is dominated by low molecular weight representatives (naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene). In most cases, the highest concentrations of benz(a)pyrene does not exceed the Russian Threshold Standard rate, which is the strictest one in the world. The statistical analysis of raw data allowed us to conclude that the contamination of pristine soils of Antarctica across variable landscapes is at the very initial stage. However, we recorded ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic Hudson Hudson Mountains ENVELOPE(-98.500,-98.500,-74.250,-74.250) Leningradskaya ENVELOPE(159.389,159.389,-69.502,-69.502) Russkaya ENVELOPE(159.362,159.362,63.593,63.593) The Antarctic Land 10 11 1162 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons soil Antarctica PAH isomer ratios |
spellingShingle |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons soil Antarctica PAH isomer ratios Evgeny Lodygin Evgeny Abakumov Timur Nizamutdinov The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
topic_facet |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons soil Antarctica PAH isomer ratios |
description |
Soil cover of the Earth is faced with intensive polychemical contamination. The pathways of the key pollutants are not investigated enough. Thus, the occasional transportation of soils to remote regions could serve as an informative tool for the elaboration of threshold levels of hazardous materials concentration. One of the most striking examples of such transboundary impact was the transfer of soils and grounds to the Antarctic stations Russkaya and Leningradskaya (before the implementation of the Madrid Protocol in 1991). Thus, the complex investigation of qualitative and quantitative composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils of various genesis (transported from Eurasia and pristine) of Antarctic have been conducted by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a gradient elution mode. The variability of PAHs content was evaluated across landscapes: pristine (the Hudson Mountains and the Haswell Archipelago), contaminated soils (stations Myrniy, Druzhnaya 4 and Bellinshausen) and unique samples of former agrosoils transported by fly in-fly of polar staff from St. Petersburg to Antarctic for local polar greenhouses in the Soviet times, when it was not strictly prohibited. The selected objects of study allow us to not only estimate the degree of contamination of Antarctic soils and grounds, but to also make it possible to assess the rate of PAH degradation in Antarctic conditions. Both high molecular and low molecular PAHs are accumulated following intense anthropogenic activity (fossil organic fuel combustion). The PAHs pool is dominated by low molecular weight representatives (naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene). In most cases, the highest concentrations of benz(a)pyrene does not exceed the Russian Threshold Standard rate, which is the strictest one in the world. The statistical analysis of raw data allowed us to conclude that the contamination of pristine soils of Antarctica across variable landscapes is at the very initial stage. However, we recorded ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Evgeny Lodygin Evgeny Abakumov Timur Nizamutdinov |
author_facet |
Evgeny Lodygin Evgeny Abakumov Timur Nizamutdinov |
author_sort |
Evgeny Lodygin |
title |
The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
title_short |
The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
title_full |
The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
title_fullStr |
The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Content of Polyarenes in Soils of Antarctica: Variability across Landscapes |
title_sort |
content of polyarenes in soils of antarctica: variability across landscapes |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-98.500,-98.500,-74.250,-74.250) ENVELOPE(159.389,159.389,-69.502,-69.502) ENVELOPE(159.362,159.362,63.593,63.593) |
geographic |
Antarctic Hudson Hudson Mountains Leningradskaya Russkaya The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Hudson Hudson Mountains Leningradskaya Russkaya The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Land; Volume 10; Issue 11; Pages: 1162 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111162 |
container_title |
Land |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
1162 |
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1774712720231235584 |