Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality
The variability of the rainfall stable isotopic values (δ2Hp, δ18Op) in the Ecuadorian Amazon to the Andes presents a marked local “altitude” effect. At the same time, this complex orography creates diverse precipitation regimes (unimodal, bimodal, and three-modal) that make it difficult to establis...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4441/14/13/2121/ 2023-08-20T04:08:27+02:00 Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality Danny Vargas Oscar Chimborazo Elemér László Marjan Temovski László Palcsu agris 2022-07-03 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Hydrology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Water; Volume 14; Issue 13; Pages: 2121 cross-equatorial flow stable isotopes V-Index low-level jet precipitation aerial lake Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 2023-08-01T05:35:33Z The variability of the rainfall stable isotopic values (δ2Hp, δ18Op) in the Ecuadorian Amazon to the Andes presents a marked local “altitude” effect. At the same time, this complex orography creates diverse precipitation regimes (unimodal, bimodal, and three-modal) that make it difficult to establish a relationship with the local amount. Nevertheless, stations along these regions show a similar intra-annual isotopic variability, with lower values during MAM and ON. In contrast, higher values are found during DJF and JAS in a w-shaped pattern, suggesting a common regional controller. A monthly δ2Hp and δ18Op collection campaign was established in Central Ecuador (n = 30) to complement stations biased towards the northern and southern parts. Based on back trajectory analysis, the results demonstrated that moisture arrives from two primary sources: the Tropical North Atlantic (DJFM) and the Amazon Basin (JAS). Nevertheless, their convergence (AMJ and ON) is the crucial factor modulating the lowest isotopic values. Precisely, this convergence is stronger at the V-Index region (5° S–5° N, 65°–75° W), where the wind seasonality and reversal at low levels are enhanced, allowing the inter-hemispheric moisture flux transport (cross-equatorial flow). We propose that the amount of rainfall located at the V-Index region is a more robust approach for explaining the δ2Hp and δ18Op variability rather than the local amount. Text North Atlantic MDPI Open Access Publishing Water 14 13 2121 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
cross-equatorial flow stable isotopes V-Index low-level jet precipitation aerial lake |
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cross-equatorial flow stable isotopes V-Index low-level jet precipitation aerial lake Danny Vargas Oscar Chimborazo Elemér László Marjan Temovski László Palcsu Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
topic_facet |
cross-equatorial flow stable isotopes V-Index low-level jet precipitation aerial lake |
description |
The variability of the rainfall stable isotopic values (δ2Hp, δ18Op) in the Ecuadorian Amazon to the Andes presents a marked local “altitude” effect. At the same time, this complex orography creates diverse precipitation regimes (unimodal, bimodal, and three-modal) that make it difficult to establish a relationship with the local amount. Nevertheless, stations along these regions show a similar intra-annual isotopic variability, with lower values during MAM and ON. In contrast, higher values are found during DJF and JAS in a w-shaped pattern, suggesting a common regional controller. A monthly δ2Hp and δ18Op collection campaign was established in Central Ecuador (n = 30) to complement stations biased towards the northern and southern parts. Based on back trajectory analysis, the results demonstrated that moisture arrives from two primary sources: the Tropical North Atlantic (DJFM) and the Amazon Basin (JAS). Nevertheless, their convergence (AMJ and ON) is the crucial factor modulating the lowest isotopic values. Precisely, this convergence is stronger at the V-Index region (5° S–5° N, 65°–75° W), where the wind seasonality and reversal at low levels are enhanced, allowing the inter-hemispheric moisture flux transport (cross-equatorial flow). We propose that the amount of rainfall located at the V-Index region is a more robust approach for explaining the δ2Hp and δ18Op variability rather than the local amount. |
format |
Text |
author |
Danny Vargas Oscar Chimborazo Elemér László Marjan Temovski László Palcsu |
author_facet |
Danny Vargas Oscar Chimborazo Elemér László Marjan Temovski László Palcsu |
author_sort |
Danny Vargas |
title |
Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
title_short |
Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
title_full |
Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
title_fullStr |
Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rainwater Isotopic Composition in the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon Reflects Cross-Equatorial Flow Seasonality |
title_sort |
rainwater isotopic composition in the ecuadorian andes and amazon reflects cross-equatorial flow seasonality |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Water; Volume 14; Issue 13; Pages: 2121 |
op_relation |
Hydrology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132121 |
container_title |
Water |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
13 |
container_start_page |
2121 |
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1774720715384160256 |