Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea
Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable long range transport, which can cause pollution eve...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/9/2/56/ 2023-08-20T04:04:39+02:00 Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea Hanna Hoglind Sofia Eriksson Katarina Gardfeldt agris 2018-02-09 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Air Quality https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 9; Issue 2; Pages: 56 atmospheric mercury Baltic Sea mapping of GEM levels long range transport Text 2018 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 2023-07-31T21:23:06Z Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable long range transport, which can cause pollution even in pristine environments. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was measured from winter 2016 to spring 2017 over the Baltic Sea. A Tekran 2357A mercury analyser was installed aboard the research and icebreaking vessel Oden for the purpose of continuous measurements of gaseous mercury in ambient air. Measurements were performed during a campaign along the Swedish east coast and in the Bothnian Bay near Lulea during the icebreaking season. Data was evaluated from Gothenburg using plotting software, and back trajectories for air masses were calculated. The GEM average of 1.36 ± 0.054 ng/m3 during winter and 1.29 ± 0.140 ng/m3 during spring was calculated as well as a total average of 1.36 ± 0.16 ng/m3. Back trajectories showed a possible correlation of anthropogenic sources elevating the mercury background level in some areas. There were also indications of depleted air, i.e., air with lower concentrations than average, being transported from the Arctic to northern Sweden, resulting in a drop in GEM levels. Text Arctic Northern Sweden MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Lulea ENVELOPE(22.166,22.166,65.580,65.580) Atmosphere 9 2 56 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
atmospheric mercury Baltic Sea mapping of GEM levels long range transport |
spellingShingle |
atmospheric mercury Baltic Sea mapping of GEM levels long range transport Hanna Hoglind Sofia Eriksson Katarina Gardfeldt Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
topic_facet |
atmospheric mercury Baltic Sea mapping of GEM levels long range transport |
description |
Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable long range transport, which can cause pollution even in pristine environments. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was measured from winter 2016 to spring 2017 over the Baltic Sea. A Tekran 2357A mercury analyser was installed aboard the research and icebreaking vessel Oden for the purpose of continuous measurements of gaseous mercury in ambient air. Measurements were performed during a campaign along the Swedish east coast and in the Bothnian Bay near Lulea during the icebreaking season. Data was evaluated from Gothenburg using plotting software, and back trajectories for air masses were calculated. The GEM average of 1.36 ± 0.054 ng/m3 during winter and 1.29 ± 0.140 ng/m3 during spring was calculated as well as a total average of 1.36 ± 0.16 ng/m3. Back trajectories showed a possible correlation of anthropogenic sources elevating the mercury background level in some areas. There were also indications of depleted air, i.e., air with lower concentrations than average, being transported from the Arctic to northern Sweden, resulting in a drop in GEM levels. |
format |
Text |
author |
Hanna Hoglind Sofia Eriksson Katarina Gardfeldt |
author_facet |
Hanna Hoglind Sofia Eriksson Katarina Gardfeldt |
author_sort |
Hanna Hoglind |
title |
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
title_short |
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
title_full |
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
title_fullStr |
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea |
title_sort |
ship-based measurements of atmospheric mercury concentrations over the baltic sea |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(22.166,22.166,65.580,65.580) |
geographic |
Arctic Lulea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Lulea |
genre |
Arctic Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Arctic Northern Sweden |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 9; Issue 2; Pages: 56 |
op_relation |
Air Quality https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9020056 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
56 |
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1774715027323879424 |