Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming
Processes behind Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW), which occurs more frequently in the northern hemispheric polar latitudes and its influence from the stratosphere to the upper atmosphere are well documented. However, physical processes associated with SSW, although it ensues rarely in the souther...
Published in: | Atmosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/13/9/1475/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/13/9/1475/ 2023-08-20T04:01:27+02:00 Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming Sunkara Eswaraiah Kyong-Hwan Seo Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar Madineni Venkat Ratnam Andrey V. Koval Jin-Yun Jeong Chalachew Kindie Mengist Young-Sook Lee Katelynn Greer Jun-Young Hwang Wonseok Lee Maniyattu Pramitha Gasthi Venkata Chalapathi Mannem Venkatarami Reddy Yong Ha Kim agris 2022-09-11 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Climatology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 13; Issue 9; Pages: 1475 sudden stratospheric warming mesospheric cooling meteor radar planetary waves chemical species transport residual mean meridional circulation Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 2023-08-01T06:26:06Z Processes behind Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW), which occurs more frequently in the northern hemispheric polar latitudes and its influence from the stratosphere to the upper atmosphere are well documented. However, physical processes associated with SSW, although it ensues rarely in the southern hemisphere (SH), have a strong influence on the background atmosphere from the stratosphere to the mesosphere and are poorly understood. Using a ground-based meteor radar, satellite-borne Microwave-Limb sounder, and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications observations, we identified cooling of Antarctic mesopause by 26 K in response to a 66 K warming in the polar stratosphere during the 2019 minor SSW in the SH. The observed cooling is attributed to the interplay between planetary waves, CO2 infrared cooling, and O3 depletion, rather than adiabatic cooling due to gravity waves alone during SSW. It is proposed that anthropogenic and other sources generating chemical tracers in the lower atmosphere have caused mesospheric cooling and could be transported from the lower atmosphere both vertically and meridionally through residual mean meridional circulation from the tropics. Therefore, our study for the first time demonstrates the effect of lower atmosphere chemistry on the polar mesosphere thermal structure during the 2019 SSW. Text Antarc* Antarctic MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic The Antarctic Atmosphere 13 9 1475 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
sudden stratospheric warming mesospheric cooling meteor radar planetary waves chemical species transport residual mean meridional circulation |
spellingShingle |
sudden stratospheric warming mesospheric cooling meteor radar planetary waves chemical species transport residual mean meridional circulation Sunkara Eswaraiah Kyong-Hwan Seo Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar Madineni Venkat Ratnam Andrey V. Koval Jin-Yun Jeong Chalachew Kindie Mengist Young-Sook Lee Katelynn Greer Jun-Young Hwang Wonseok Lee Maniyattu Pramitha Gasthi Venkata Chalapathi Mannem Venkatarami Reddy Yong Ha Kim Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
topic_facet |
sudden stratospheric warming mesospheric cooling meteor radar planetary waves chemical species transport residual mean meridional circulation |
description |
Processes behind Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW), which occurs more frequently in the northern hemispheric polar latitudes and its influence from the stratosphere to the upper atmosphere are well documented. However, physical processes associated with SSW, although it ensues rarely in the southern hemisphere (SH), have a strong influence on the background atmosphere from the stratosphere to the mesosphere and are poorly understood. Using a ground-based meteor radar, satellite-borne Microwave-Limb sounder, and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications observations, we identified cooling of Antarctic mesopause by 26 K in response to a 66 K warming in the polar stratosphere during the 2019 minor SSW in the SH. The observed cooling is attributed to the interplay between planetary waves, CO2 infrared cooling, and O3 depletion, rather than adiabatic cooling due to gravity waves alone during SSW. It is proposed that anthropogenic and other sources generating chemical tracers in the lower atmosphere have caused mesospheric cooling and could be transported from the lower atmosphere both vertically and meridionally through residual mean meridional circulation from the tropics. Therefore, our study for the first time demonstrates the effect of lower atmosphere chemistry on the polar mesosphere thermal structure during the 2019 SSW. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sunkara Eswaraiah Kyong-Hwan Seo Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar Madineni Venkat Ratnam Andrey V. Koval Jin-Yun Jeong Chalachew Kindie Mengist Young-Sook Lee Katelynn Greer Jun-Young Hwang Wonseok Lee Maniyattu Pramitha Gasthi Venkata Chalapathi Mannem Venkatarami Reddy Yong Ha Kim |
author_facet |
Sunkara Eswaraiah Kyong-Hwan Seo Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar Madineni Venkat Ratnam Andrey V. Koval Jin-Yun Jeong Chalachew Kindie Mengist Young-Sook Lee Katelynn Greer Jun-Young Hwang Wonseok Lee Maniyattu Pramitha Gasthi Venkata Chalapathi Mannem Venkatarami Reddy Yong Ha Kim |
author_sort |
Sunkara Eswaraiah |
title |
Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
title_short |
Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
title_full |
Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
title_fullStr |
Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anthropogenic Influence on the Antarctic Mesospheric Cooling Observed during the Southern Hemisphere Minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming |
title_sort |
anthropogenic influence on the antarctic mesospheric cooling observed during the southern hemisphere minor sudden stratospheric warming |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 13; Issue 9; Pages: 1475 |
op_relation |
Climatology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091475 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1475 |
_version_ |
1774724729765101568 |