Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure
The evolution of mean sea-level atmospheric pressure since 1850 is analyzed using iterative singular spectrum analysis. Maps of the main components (the trends) reveal striking symmetries of order 3 and 4. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) displays a set of three positive features, forming an almost perf...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/13/9/1354/ 2023-08-20T04:02:23+02:00 Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure Fernando Lopes Vincent Courtillot Jean-Louis Le Mouël agris 2022-08-25 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 13; Issue 9; Pages: 1354 global sea-level pressure Taylor–Couette flow triskeles pattern Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 2023-08-01T06:12:34Z The evolution of mean sea-level atmospheric pressure since 1850 is analyzed using iterative singular spectrum analysis. Maps of the main components (the trends) reveal striking symmetries of order 3 and 4. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) displays a set of three positive features, forming an almost perfect equilateral triangle. The Southern Hemisphere (SH) displays a set of three positive features arranged as an isosceles triangle, with a possible fourth (weaker) feature. This geometry can be modeled as the Taylor–Couette flow of mode 3 (NH) or 4 (SH). The remarkable regularity and three-order symmetry of the NH triskeles occurs despite the lack of cylindrical symmetry of the northern continents. The stronger intensity and larger size of features in the SH is linked to the presence of the annular Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), which monitors the periodic reinforcement and weakening of the circumpolar vortex; it is a stationary mode. These components represent 70% of the variance in total pressure since 1850 and are stable in both time and space. In the remaining 30% of the variance, we have extracted quasi-periodical components with periods larger than 1 year (2% of the variance) and a harmonic sequence of the 1-year period (20% of the variance). Text Antarc* Antarctic MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic Atmosphere 13 9 1354 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
global sea-level pressure Taylor–Couette flow triskeles pattern |
spellingShingle |
global sea-level pressure Taylor–Couette flow triskeles pattern Fernando Lopes Vincent Courtillot Jean-Louis Le Mouël Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
topic_facet |
global sea-level pressure Taylor–Couette flow triskeles pattern |
description |
The evolution of mean sea-level atmospheric pressure since 1850 is analyzed using iterative singular spectrum analysis. Maps of the main components (the trends) reveal striking symmetries of order 3 and 4. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) displays a set of three positive features, forming an almost perfect equilateral triangle. The Southern Hemisphere (SH) displays a set of three positive features arranged as an isosceles triangle, with a possible fourth (weaker) feature. This geometry can be modeled as the Taylor–Couette flow of mode 3 (NH) or 4 (SH). The remarkable regularity and three-order symmetry of the NH triskeles occurs despite the lack of cylindrical symmetry of the northern continents. The stronger intensity and larger size of features in the SH is linked to the presence of the annular Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), which monitors the periodic reinforcement and weakening of the circumpolar vortex; it is a stationary mode. These components represent 70% of the variance in total pressure since 1850 and are stable in both time and space. In the remaining 30% of the variance, we have extracted quasi-periodical components with periods larger than 1 year (2% of the variance) and a harmonic sequence of the 1-year period (20% of the variance). |
format |
Text |
author |
Fernando Lopes Vincent Courtillot Jean-Louis Le Mouël |
author_facet |
Fernando Lopes Vincent Courtillot Jean-Louis Le Mouël |
author_sort |
Fernando Lopes |
title |
Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
title_short |
Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
title_full |
Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
title_fullStr |
Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Triskeles and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure |
title_sort |
triskeles and symmetries of mean global sea-level pressure |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 13; Issue 9; Pages: 1354 |
op_relation |
Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091354 |
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Atmosphere |
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13 |
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9 |
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1354 |
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