Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean
We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol over the seas of the North Atlantic and European sector of the Arctic Ocean (21 expeditions in 2007–2020). The black carbon concentrations were measured by an aethalometer and filter method. The comp...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/12/8/949/ 2023-08-20T04:04:12+02:00 Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean Sergey M. Sakerin Dmitry M. Kabanov Vladimir M. Kopeikin Ivan A. Kruglinsky Alexander N. Novigatsky Viktor V. Pol’kin Vladimir P. Shevchenko Yuri S. Turchinovich agris 2021-07-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Air Quality https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 949 aerosol black carbon spatial distribution North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 2023-08-01T02:15:43Z We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol over the seas of the North Atlantic and European sector of the Arctic Ocean (21 expeditions in 2007–2020). The black carbon concentrations were measured by an aethalometer and filter method. The comparison of the two variants of the measurements of the black carbon concentrations showed that the data acceptably agreed and can be used jointly. It is noted that the spatial distribution of black carbon over the ocean is formed under the influence of outflows of air masses from the direction of continents, where the main sources of emission of absorbing aerosol are concentrated. We analyzed the statistical characteristics of black carbon concentrations in five marine regions, differing by the outflows of continental aerosol. The largest black carbon content is a salient feature of the atmosphere of the North and Baltic Seas, surrounded by land: average values of concentrations are 210 ng/m3, and modal values are 75 ng/m3. In other regions (except in the south of the Barents Sea), the average black carbon concentrations are 37–44 ng/m3 (modal concentrations are 18–26 ng/m3). We discuss the specific features of the spatial (latitude-longitude) distributions of black carbon concentrations, relying on ship-based measurements and model calculations (MERRA-2 reanalysis data). A common regularity of the experimental and model spatial distributions of black carbon is that the concentrations decrease in the northern direction and with the growing distance from the continent: from several hundred ng/m3 in the southern part of the North Sea to values below 50 ng/m3 in polar regions of the ocean. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Barents Sea black carbon North Atlantic MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Merra ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816) Atmosphere 12 8 949 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
aerosol black carbon spatial distribution North Atlantic Arctic Ocean |
spellingShingle |
aerosol black carbon spatial distribution North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Sergey M. Sakerin Dmitry M. Kabanov Vladimir M. Kopeikin Ivan A. Kruglinsky Alexander N. Novigatsky Viktor V. Pol’kin Vladimir P. Shevchenko Yuri S. Turchinovich Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
aerosol black carbon spatial distribution North Atlantic Arctic Ocean |
description |
We discuss the measurements of black carbon concentrations in the composition of atmospheric aerosol over the seas of the North Atlantic and European sector of the Arctic Ocean (21 expeditions in 2007–2020). The black carbon concentrations were measured by an aethalometer and filter method. The comparison of the two variants of the measurements of the black carbon concentrations showed that the data acceptably agreed and can be used jointly. It is noted that the spatial distribution of black carbon over the ocean is formed under the influence of outflows of air masses from the direction of continents, where the main sources of emission of absorbing aerosol are concentrated. We analyzed the statistical characteristics of black carbon concentrations in five marine regions, differing by the outflows of continental aerosol. The largest black carbon content is a salient feature of the atmosphere of the North and Baltic Seas, surrounded by land: average values of concentrations are 210 ng/m3, and modal values are 75 ng/m3. In other regions (except in the south of the Barents Sea), the average black carbon concentrations are 37–44 ng/m3 (modal concentrations are 18–26 ng/m3). We discuss the specific features of the spatial (latitude-longitude) distributions of black carbon concentrations, relying on ship-based measurements and model calculations (MERRA-2 reanalysis data). A common regularity of the experimental and model spatial distributions of black carbon is that the concentrations decrease in the northern direction and with the growing distance from the continent: from several hundred ng/m3 in the southern part of the North Sea to values below 50 ng/m3 in polar regions of the ocean. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sergey M. Sakerin Dmitry M. Kabanov Vladimir M. Kopeikin Ivan A. Kruglinsky Alexander N. Novigatsky Viktor V. Pol’kin Vladimir P. Shevchenko Yuri S. Turchinovich |
author_facet |
Sergey M. Sakerin Dmitry M. Kabanov Vladimir M. Kopeikin Ivan A. Kruglinsky Alexander N. Novigatsky Viktor V. Pol’kin Vladimir P. Shevchenko Yuri S. Turchinovich |
author_sort |
Sergey M. Sakerin |
title |
Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial Distribution of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Atmosphere of the North Atlantic and the European Sector of the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
spatial distribution of black carbon concentrations in the atmosphere of the north atlantic and the european sector of the arctic ocean |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Merra |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Merra |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Barents Sea black carbon North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Barents Sea black carbon North Atlantic |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 949 |
op_relation |
Air Quality https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080949 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
949 |
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1774714603603755008 |