Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China
With the aggravation of the ocean–atmosphere cycle anomaly, understanding the potential teleconnections between climate indices and drought/flood conditions can help us know natural hazards more comprehensively to better cope with them. This study aims at exploring the spatiotemporal patterns of dro...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/12/11/1446/ 2023-08-20T04:05:03+02:00 Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China Guohua Fang Xin Li Ming Xu Xin Wen Xianfeng Huang agris 2021-11-01 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Climatology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 1446 SPI drought wavelet coherence EOF ENSO AO NAO SOI sunspot Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 2023-08-01T03:08:01Z With the aggravation of the ocean–atmosphere cycle anomaly, understanding the potential teleconnections between climate indices and drought/flood conditions can help us know natural hazards more comprehensively to better cope with them. This study aims at exploring the spatiotemporal patterns of drought and its multi-scale relations with typical climate indices in the Huaihe River Basin. First, the spatial patterns were identified based on the seasonal Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)-3 during 1956–2020 by means of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF). The two leading sub-regions of spring and winter droughts were determined. Then, we extracted the periodicity of spring and winter SPI-3 series and the corresponding seasonal climate indices (Arctic Oscillation (AO), Bivariate El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)Timeseries (BEST), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Niño3, and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)) and the sunspot number by using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). We further explored the teleconnections between spring drought, winter drought, and climate indices and the sunspot number by using Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) and Wavelet Coherence (WTC) analyses. The results show that there are in-phase multi-scale relations between spring/winter PC1 and AO, BEST, and Niño3, of which the climate indices lead spring PC1 by 1.5–2 years and the climate indices lag winter PC1 by 1.5–3 years. Anti-phase relations between spring PCs and SOI and the sunspot number were observed. NAO mainly affects the interdecadal variation in spring drought, while AO and Niño3 focus on the interannual variation. In addition, Niño3 and SOI are more related to the winter drought on interdecadal scales. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between the monthly average precipitation/temperature and Niño3 with a lag of 3 months. The results are beneficial for improving the accuracy of drought prediction, considering taking NAO, AO, and Niño3 as predictors for spring drought and Niño3 and SOI for winter drought. Hence, ... Text Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Soi ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) Atmosphere 12 11 1446 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
SPI drought wavelet coherence EOF ENSO AO NAO SOI sunspot |
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SPI drought wavelet coherence EOF ENSO AO NAO SOI sunspot Guohua Fang Xin Li Ming Xu Xin Wen Xianfeng Huang Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
topic_facet |
SPI drought wavelet coherence EOF ENSO AO NAO SOI sunspot |
description |
With the aggravation of the ocean–atmosphere cycle anomaly, understanding the potential teleconnections between climate indices and drought/flood conditions can help us know natural hazards more comprehensively to better cope with them. This study aims at exploring the spatiotemporal patterns of drought and its multi-scale relations with typical climate indices in the Huaihe River Basin. First, the spatial patterns were identified based on the seasonal Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)-3 during 1956–2020 by means of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF). The two leading sub-regions of spring and winter droughts were determined. Then, we extracted the periodicity of spring and winter SPI-3 series and the corresponding seasonal climate indices (Arctic Oscillation (AO), Bivariate El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)Timeseries (BEST), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Niño3, and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)) and the sunspot number by using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). We further explored the teleconnections between spring drought, winter drought, and climate indices and the sunspot number by using Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) and Wavelet Coherence (WTC) analyses. The results show that there are in-phase multi-scale relations between spring/winter PC1 and AO, BEST, and Niño3, of which the climate indices lead spring PC1 by 1.5–2 years and the climate indices lag winter PC1 by 1.5–3 years. Anti-phase relations between spring PCs and SOI and the sunspot number were observed. NAO mainly affects the interdecadal variation in spring drought, while AO and Niño3 focus on the interannual variation. In addition, Niño3 and SOI are more related to the winter drought on interdecadal scales. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between the monthly average precipitation/temperature and Niño3 with a lag of 3 months. The results are beneficial for improving the accuracy of drought prediction, considering taking NAO, AO, and Niño3 as predictors for spring drought and Niño3 and SOI for winter drought. Hence, ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Guohua Fang Xin Li Ming Xu Xin Wen Xianfeng Huang |
author_facet |
Guohua Fang Xin Li Ming Xu Xin Wen Xianfeng Huang |
author_sort |
Guohua Fang |
title |
Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
title_short |
Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
title_full |
Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
title_fullStr |
Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatiotemporal Variability of Drought and Its Multi-Scale Linkages with Climate Indices in the Huaihe River Basin, Central China and East China |
title_sort |
spatiotemporal variability of drought and its multi-scale linkages with climate indices in the huaihe river basin, central china and east china |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) |
geographic |
Arctic Soi |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Soi |
genre |
Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 1446 |
op_relation |
Climatology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111446 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
1446 |
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1774715469117259776 |