Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W)
The surface radiation environment over the Southern Ocean within the region bound by 42.8° S to 78.7° S and 62.6° E to 157.7° W is summarised for three austral summers. This is done using ship-based measurements with the combination of downwelling radiation sensors and a cloud imager. We focus on ch...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 |
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/11/9/949/ 2023-08-20T04:09:28+02:00 Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) Haoran Wang Andrew R. Klekociuk W. John R. French Simon P. Alexander Tom A. Warner agris 2020-09-05 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Meteorology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 949 Southern Ocean Ross Sea cloud shortwave radiation longwave radiation cloud radiative effect Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 2023-08-01T00:03:09Z The surface radiation environment over the Southern Ocean within the region bound by 42.8° S to 78.7° S and 62.6° E to 157.7° W is summarised for three austral summers. This is done using ship-based measurements with the combination of downwelling radiation sensors and a cloud imager. We focus on characterising the cloud radiative effect (CRE) under a variety of conditions, comparing observations in the open ocean with those in the sea ice zone. For comparison with our observed data, we obtained surface data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts fifth reanalysis (ERA5). We found that the daily average cloud fraction was slightly lower in ERA5 compared with the observations (0.71 and 0.75, respectively). ERA5 also showed positive biases in the shortwave radiation effect and a negative bias in the longwave radiation effect. The observed mean surface CRE of −164 ± 100 Wm−2 was more negative than the mean surface CRE for ERA5 of −101 W m−2. Text Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean MDPI Open Access Publishing Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean Atmosphere 11 9 949 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean Ross Sea cloud shortwave radiation longwave radiation cloud radiative effect |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean Ross Sea cloud shortwave radiation longwave radiation cloud radiative effect Haoran Wang Andrew R. Klekociuk W. John R. French Simon P. Alexander Tom A. Warner Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean Ross Sea cloud shortwave radiation longwave radiation cloud radiative effect |
description |
The surface radiation environment over the Southern Ocean within the region bound by 42.8° S to 78.7° S and 62.6° E to 157.7° W is summarised for three austral summers. This is done using ship-based measurements with the combination of downwelling radiation sensors and a cloud imager. We focus on characterising the cloud radiative effect (CRE) under a variety of conditions, comparing observations in the open ocean with those in the sea ice zone. For comparison with our observed data, we obtained surface data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts fifth reanalysis (ERA5). We found that the daily average cloud fraction was slightly lower in ERA5 compared with the observations (0.71 and 0.75, respectively). ERA5 also showed positive biases in the shortwave radiation effect and a negative bias in the longwave radiation effect. The observed mean surface CRE of −164 ± 100 Wm−2 was more negative than the mean surface CRE for ERA5 of −101 W m−2. |
format |
Text |
author |
Haoran Wang Andrew R. Klekociuk W. John R. French Simon P. Alexander Tom A. Warner |
author_facet |
Haoran Wang Andrew R. Klekociuk W. John R. French Simon P. Alexander Tom A. Warner |
author_sort |
Haoran Wang |
title |
Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
title_short |
Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
title_full |
Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
title_fullStr |
Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measurements of Cloud Radiative Effect across the Southern Ocean (43° S–79° S, 63° E–158° W) |
title_sort |
measurements of cloud radiative effect across the southern ocean (43° s–79° s, 63° e–158° w) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre |
Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 949 |
op_relation |
Meteorology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090949 |
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Atmosphere |
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11 |
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9 |
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949 |
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1774722444904366080 |