Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements
During the summers of 2011 and 2012, two scientific cruises were carried out over the Arctic Ocean aiming at the determination of the aerosol chemical composition in this pristine environment. First, mass spectrometry was applied to study the concentration and gas/particle partitioning of polycyclic...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4433/10/2/54/ 2023-08-20T04:04:00+02:00 Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements Luca Ferrero Giorgia Sangiorgi Maria Grazia Perrone Cristiana Rizzi Marco Cataldi Piotr Markuszewski Paulina Pakszys Przemysław Makuch Tomasz Petelski Silvia Becagli Rita Traversi Ezio Bolzacchini Tymon Zielinski agris 2019-01-29 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Aerosols https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmosphere; Volume 10; Issue 2; Pages: 54 aerosol Arctic Ocean inorganic ions carboxylic acids amines elemental carbon organic carbon polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes elements Svalbard Text 2019 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 2023-07-31T22:00:21Z During the summers of 2011 and 2012, two scientific cruises were carried out over the Arctic Ocean aiming at the determination of the aerosol chemical composition in this pristine environment. First, mass spectrometry was applied to study the concentration and gas/particle partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes. Experimental and modelled data of phase partitioning were compared: results demonstrated an equilibrium between gas and particle phase for PAHs, while n-alkanes showed a particle-oriented partitioning, due to the local marine origin of them, confirmed by the extremely low value of their carbon preference index. Moreover, the inorganic and organic ions (carboxylic acids and amines) concentrations, together with those of elemental carbon (EC) and organic matter (OM), were analyzed: 63% of aerosol was composed of ionic compounds (>90% from sea-salt) and the OM content was very high (30.5%; close to 29.0% of Cl−) in agreement with n-alkanes’ marine signature. Furthermore, the amines’ (dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine) concentrations were 3.98 ± 1.21, 1.70 ± 0.82, and 1.06 ± 0.56 p.p.t.v., respectively, fully in keeping with concentration values used in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplet)-chamber experiments to simulate the ambient nucleation rate in a H2SO4-DMA-H2O system, showing the amines’ importance in polar regions to promote new particle formation. Finally, high resolution mass spectrometry was applied to determine trace elements, including Rare Earth Elements (REEs), highlighting the dominant natural versus anthropic inputs for trace metals (e.g., Fe, Mn, Ti vs. As, Cd, Ni) and possible signatures of such anthropic activity. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Atmosphere 10 2 54 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
aerosol Arctic Ocean inorganic ions carboxylic acids amines elemental carbon organic carbon polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes elements Svalbard |
spellingShingle |
aerosol Arctic Ocean inorganic ions carboxylic acids amines elemental carbon organic carbon polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes elements Svalbard Luca Ferrero Giorgia Sangiorgi Maria Grazia Perrone Cristiana Rizzi Marco Cataldi Piotr Markuszewski Paulina Pakszys Przemysław Makuch Tomasz Petelski Silvia Becagli Rita Traversi Ezio Bolzacchini Tymon Zielinski Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
topic_facet |
aerosol Arctic Ocean inorganic ions carboxylic acids amines elemental carbon organic carbon polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes elements Svalbard |
description |
During the summers of 2011 and 2012, two scientific cruises were carried out over the Arctic Ocean aiming at the determination of the aerosol chemical composition in this pristine environment. First, mass spectrometry was applied to study the concentration and gas/particle partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes. Experimental and modelled data of phase partitioning were compared: results demonstrated an equilibrium between gas and particle phase for PAHs, while n-alkanes showed a particle-oriented partitioning, due to the local marine origin of them, confirmed by the extremely low value of their carbon preference index. Moreover, the inorganic and organic ions (carboxylic acids and amines) concentrations, together with those of elemental carbon (EC) and organic matter (OM), were analyzed: 63% of aerosol was composed of ionic compounds (>90% from sea-salt) and the OM content was very high (30.5%; close to 29.0% of Cl−) in agreement with n-alkanes’ marine signature. Furthermore, the amines’ (dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine) concentrations were 3.98 ± 1.21, 1.70 ± 0.82, and 1.06 ± 0.56 p.p.t.v., respectively, fully in keeping with concentration values used in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplet)-chamber experiments to simulate the ambient nucleation rate in a H2SO4-DMA-H2O system, showing the amines’ importance in polar regions to promote new particle formation. Finally, high resolution mass spectrometry was applied to determine trace elements, including Rare Earth Elements (REEs), highlighting the dominant natural versus anthropic inputs for trace metals (e.g., Fe, Mn, Ti vs. As, Cd, Ni) and possible signatures of such anthropic activity. |
format |
Text |
author |
Luca Ferrero Giorgia Sangiorgi Maria Grazia Perrone Cristiana Rizzi Marco Cataldi Piotr Markuszewski Paulina Pakszys Przemysław Makuch Tomasz Petelski Silvia Becagli Rita Traversi Ezio Bolzacchini Tymon Zielinski |
author_facet |
Luca Ferrero Giorgia Sangiorgi Maria Grazia Perrone Cristiana Rizzi Marco Cataldi Piotr Markuszewski Paulina Pakszys Przemysław Makuch Tomasz Petelski Silvia Becagli Rita Traversi Ezio Bolzacchini Tymon Zielinski |
author_sort |
Luca Ferrero |
title |
Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
title_short |
Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
title_full |
Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements |
title_sort |
chemical composition of aerosol over the arctic ocean from summer arctic expedition (arex) 2011–2012 cruises: ions, amines, elemental carbon, organic matter, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, metals, and rare earth elements |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
op_source |
Atmosphere; Volume 10; Issue 2; Pages: 54 |
op_relation |
Aerosols https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020054 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
54 |
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1774714443882561536 |