Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids
Two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. An FGF4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an FGF4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4425/11/8/839/ 2023-08-20T04:05:47+02:00 Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids Kevin Batcher Peter Dickinson Kimberly Maciejczyk Kristin Brzeski Sheida Hadji Rasouliha Anna Letko Cord Drögemüller Tosso Leeb Danika Bannasch agris 2020-07-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Molecular Genetics and Genomics https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Genes; Volume 11; Issue 8; Pages: 839 Canis lupus familiaris FGF4 retrocopy retrogene pseudogene retrotransposition duplication Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 2023-07-31T23:48:55Z Two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. An FGF4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an FGF4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). In this study, whole-genome sequencing data were queried to identify other FGF4 retrocopies that could be contributing to phenotypic diversity in canids. Additionally, dogs with surgically confirmed IVDD were assayed for novel FGF4 retrocopies. Five additional and distinct FGF4 retrocopies were identified in canids including a copy unique to red wolves (Canis rufus). The FGF4 retrocopies identified in domestic dogs were identical to domestic dog FGF4 haplotypes, which are distinct from modern wolf FGF4 haplotypes, indicating that these retrotransposition events likely occurred after domestication. The identification of multiple, full length FGF4 retrocopies with open reading frames in canids indicates that gene retrotransposition events occur much more frequently than previously thought and provide a mechanism for continued genetic and phenotypic diversity in canids. Text Canis lupus MDPI Open Access Publishing Genes 11 8 839 |
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Open Polar |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Canis lupus familiaris FGF4 retrocopy retrogene pseudogene retrotransposition duplication |
spellingShingle |
Canis lupus familiaris FGF4 retrocopy retrogene pseudogene retrotransposition duplication Kevin Batcher Peter Dickinson Kimberly Maciejczyk Kristin Brzeski Sheida Hadji Rasouliha Anna Letko Cord Drögemüller Tosso Leeb Danika Bannasch Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
topic_facet |
Canis lupus familiaris FGF4 retrocopy retrogene pseudogene retrotransposition duplication |
description |
Two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. An FGF4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an FGF4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). In this study, whole-genome sequencing data were queried to identify other FGF4 retrocopies that could be contributing to phenotypic diversity in canids. Additionally, dogs with surgically confirmed IVDD were assayed for novel FGF4 retrocopies. Five additional and distinct FGF4 retrocopies were identified in canids including a copy unique to red wolves (Canis rufus). The FGF4 retrocopies identified in domestic dogs were identical to domestic dog FGF4 haplotypes, which are distinct from modern wolf FGF4 haplotypes, indicating that these retrotransposition events likely occurred after domestication. The identification of multiple, full length FGF4 retrocopies with open reading frames in canids indicates that gene retrotransposition events occur much more frequently than previously thought and provide a mechanism for continued genetic and phenotypic diversity in canids. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kevin Batcher Peter Dickinson Kimberly Maciejczyk Kristin Brzeski Sheida Hadji Rasouliha Anna Letko Cord Drögemüller Tosso Leeb Danika Bannasch |
author_facet |
Kevin Batcher Peter Dickinson Kimberly Maciejczyk Kristin Brzeski Sheida Hadji Rasouliha Anna Letko Cord Drögemüller Tosso Leeb Danika Bannasch |
author_sort |
Kevin Batcher |
title |
Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
title_short |
Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
title_full |
Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
title_fullStr |
Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids |
title_sort |
multiple fgf4 retrocopies recently derived within canids |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_source |
Genes; Volume 11; Issue 8; Pages: 839 |
op_relation |
Molecular Genetics and Genomics https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839 |
container_title |
Genes |
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11 |
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8 |
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839 |
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1774716515152560128 |