Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth
Polymeric models of the core prepared with a Raise3D Pro2 3D printer were employed for methane hydrate formation. Polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), carbon fiber reinforced polyamide-6 (UltraX), thermoplastic polyurethane (PolyFlex), and polycarbonate (ePC) were used for p...
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 |
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4360/15/10/2312/ 2023-08-20T04:07:57+02:00 Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth Andrey Stoporev Rail Kadyrov Tatyana Adamova Evgeny Statsenko Thanh Hung Nguyen Murtazali Yarakhmedov Anton Semenov Andrey Manakov 2023-05-15 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Polymer Analysis and Characterization https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Polymers; Volume 15; Issue 10; Pages: 2312 gas hydrates methane 3D printing hydrate growth polymeric core Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 2023-08-01T10:04:50Z Polymeric models of the core prepared with a Raise3D Pro2 3D printer were employed for methane hydrate formation. Polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), carbon fiber reinforced polyamide-6 (UltraX), thermoplastic polyurethane (PolyFlex), and polycarbonate (ePC) were used for printing. Each plastic core was rescanned using X-ray tomography to identify the effective porosity volumes. It was revealed that the polymer type matters in enhancing methane hydrate formation. All polymer cores except PolyFlex promoted the hydrate growth (up to complete water-to-hydrate conversion with PLA core). At the same time, changing the filling degree of the porous volume with water from partial to complete decreased the efficiency of hydrate growth by two times. Nevertheless, the polymer type variation allowed three main features: (1) managing the hydrate growth direction via water or gas preferential transfer through the effective porosity; (2) the blowing of hydrate crystals into the volume of water; and (3) the growth of hydrate arrays from the steel walls of the cell towards the polymer core due to defects in the hydrate crust, providing an additional contact between water and gas. These features are probably controlled by the hydrophobicity of the pore surface. The proper filament selection allows the hydrate formation mode to be set for specific process requirements. Text Methane hydrate MDPI Open Access Publishing Polymers 15 10 2312 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
gas hydrates methane 3D printing hydrate growth polymeric core |
spellingShingle |
gas hydrates methane 3D printing hydrate growth polymeric core Andrey Stoporev Rail Kadyrov Tatyana Adamova Evgeny Statsenko Thanh Hung Nguyen Murtazali Yarakhmedov Anton Semenov Andrey Manakov Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
topic_facet |
gas hydrates methane 3D printing hydrate growth polymeric core |
description |
Polymeric models of the core prepared with a Raise3D Pro2 3D printer were employed for methane hydrate formation. Polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), carbon fiber reinforced polyamide-6 (UltraX), thermoplastic polyurethane (PolyFlex), and polycarbonate (ePC) were used for printing. Each plastic core was rescanned using X-ray tomography to identify the effective porosity volumes. It was revealed that the polymer type matters in enhancing methane hydrate formation. All polymer cores except PolyFlex promoted the hydrate growth (up to complete water-to-hydrate conversion with PLA core). At the same time, changing the filling degree of the porous volume with water from partial to complete decreased the efficiency of hydrate growth by two times. Nevertheless, the polymer type variation allowed three main features: (1) managing the hydrate growth direction via water or gas preferential transfer through the effective porosity; (2) the blowing of hydrate crystals into the volume of water; and (3) the growth of hydrate arrays from the steel walls of the cell towards the polymer core due to defects in the hydrate crust, providing an additional contact between water and gas. These features are probably controlled by the hydrophobicity of the pore surface. The proper filament selection allows the hydrate formation mode to be set for specific process requirements. |
format |
Text |
author |
Andrey Stoporev Rail Kadyrov Tatyana Adamova Evgeny Statsenko Thanh Hung Nguyen Murtazali Yarakhmedov Anton Semenov Andrey Manakov |
author_facet |
Andrey Stoporev Rail Kadyrov Tatyana Adamova Evgeny Statsenko Thanh Hung Nguyen Murtazali Yarakhmedov Anton Semenov Andrey Manakov |
author_sort |
Andrey Stoporev |
title |
Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
title_short |
Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
title_full |
Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
title_fullStr |
Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
title_full_unstemmed |
Three-Dimensional-Printed Polymeric Cores for Methane Hydrate Enhanced Growth |
title_sort |
three-dimensional-printed polymeric cores for methane hydrate enhanced growth |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 |
genre |
Methane hydrate |
genre_facet |
Methane hydrate |
op_source |
Polymers; Volume 15; Issue 10; Pages: 2312 |
op_relation |
Polymer Analysis and Characterization https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102312 |
container_title |
Polymers |
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15 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
2312 |
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1774719934523244544 |